The invention is directed to a method for reducing low speed pre-ignition events in a spark-ignited direct injection internal combustion engine by supplying to the sump a lubricant composition which contains an oil of lubricating viscosity and an oil soluble metal compound, wherein the metal of the oil soluble metal compound may be a group (IV) metal, which may be titanium or zirconium.

A dielectric nanolubricant composition is provided. The dielectric nanolubricant composition includes a nano-engineered lubricant additive dispersed in a base. The nano-engineered lubricant additive may include a plurality of solid lubricant nanostructures having an open-ended architecture and an organic, inorganic, and/or polymeric medium intercalated in the nanostructures and/or encapsulate nanostructures. The base may include a grease or oil such as silicone grease or oil, lithium complex grease, lithium grease, calcium sulfonate grease, silica thickened perfluoropolyether (PFPE) grease or PFPE oil, for example. This dielectric nanolubricant composition provides better corrosion and water resistance, high dielectric strength, longer material life, more inert chemistries, better surface protection and asperity penetration, no curing, no staining, and environmentally friendly, compared to current products in the market.

An engine oil additive includes carbon nanotubes and boron nitride particulates dispersed within a fluid. The additive is configured to be mixed with a quantity of oil such that the quantity of oil has a concentration from 0.05 to 0.5 grams of carbon nanotubes and of boron nitride particulates per quart of oil to improve the lubricity of the oil. The additive improves the horsepower and torque of the engine while reducing fuel consumption. The carbon nanotubes have an OH functionalized exterior surface. The carbon nanotubes have a diameter from 1 nanometer to 50 nanometers and have a length from 1 micron to 1000 microns. The boron nitride particulates are hex-boron nitride structures having an average size from 30 nanometers to 500 nanometers.

A composition of an oil-soluble ionic detergent that does not contribute metal ions to the composition, and which comprises a quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cation and an organic anion having at least one hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent, the detergent having a total base number (TBN) to total acid number (TAN) ratio of at least 2:1 imparts ash-free basicity to a lubricant composition.

Compositions having a plurality of hard particles and a plurality of lubricant nanoparticles are disclosed. Methods of making and using the compositions are also disclosed.

A composition of an oil-soluble ionic detergent that does not contribute metal ions to the composition, and which comprises a quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cation and an organic anion having at least one hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent, the detergent having a total base number (TBN) to total acid number (TAN) ratio of at least 2:1 imparts ash-free basicity to a lubricant composition.

Nanoparticle compositions and greaseless coatings are disclosed, including, for example, a greaseless lubricant nanoparticle coating on drill pipe threads. The lubricant coating may be multifunctional, including, for example, anti-corrosives. The coating may be a spray, or otherwise.

Compositions having a plurality of nanoparticles and nano-sheets are disclosed. Methods of making and using the compositions are also disclosed.

Additive packages including multifunctional additive molecules are disclosed, including, for example, organic medium intercalated with lubricant nanoparticles. The additive package may be greaseless or may be added to materials such as base oils or greases, greaseless materials, or anti-corrosives, for example. The additive package added to materials may form a coating or lubricant that may be added to a surface of an object.

A composition of an oil-soluble ionic detergent that does not contribute metal ions to the composition, and which comprises a quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cation and an organic anion having at least one hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent, the detergent having a total base number (TBN) to total acid number (TAN) ratio of at least 2:1 imparts ash-free basicity to a lubricant composition.