An alkylate base oil of a biological origin having a kinematic viscosity at 100 C. from 3 mm.sup.2/s to 20 mm.sup.2/s, and characterized by having a total integral of a .sup.13C NMR spectrum wherein 25-60% of the total integral of the .sup.13C NMR spectrum falls within .sup.13C NMR resonances in ranges for linear long chain alkyl groups given by: C1(13.9-14.2 ppm), C2(22.6-22.8 ppm), C3(31.9-32.05 ppm), C4(29.35-29.45 ppm), and C5+(29.6-29.8 ppm).

Disclosed herein are oligomerization processes using feedstocks containing 1-hexene to produce an oligomer product, and methods for recovering a heavy 1-hexene oligomer from the oligomer product and hydrogenating the heavy 1-hexene oligomer. The resultant hydrogenated heavy 1-hexene oligomer can be blended with other PAO's to form 100 cSt and 40 cSt lubricant compositions, which have viscosity index and pour point properties that are equivalent to or better than respective 100 cSt and 40 cSt 1-decene PAO's.

This method for producing a lubricating oil composition includes: a step of dissolving fullerenes in a base oil mainly composed of a multiply alkylated cyclopentane oil or an ionic liquid containing an imide as a negative ion to obtain a fullerene solution; and a step of producing fullerenes adduct by subjecting the above-described fullerene solution to a heat treatment in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.

An oleaginous corrosion-resistant lubricating composition comprising at least one poly-alpha olefin synthetic oil and effective amounts of metal salts of sulfonic acids, metal salts of carboxylic acids, metal salts of mixtures of said sulfonic and carboxylic acids, alkylated aromatic stabilizers as solubility modifiers, pour-point depressants, at least one antioxidant, triazole deactivator compounds and fluoroacrylate copolymers.

A heat transfer process using a composition containing hydro(chloro)fluoroolefins. A heat transfer process that successively includes a step of evaporation of a refrigerant, a step of compression, a step of condensation of said refrigerant at a temperature greater than or equal to 70 C. and a step of expansion of said refrigerant characterized in that the refrigerant includes at least one hydrofluoroolefin having at least four carbon atoms represented by the formula (I) R.sup.1CHCHR.sup.2 in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent alkyl groups having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, substituted with at least one fluorine atom, optionally with at least one chlorine atom.

An oleaginous corrosion-resistant lubricating composition comprising at least one poly-alpha olefin synthetic oil and effective amounts of metal salts of sulfonic acids, metal salts of carboxylic acids, metal salts of mixtures of said sulfonic and carboxylic acids, alkylated aromatic stabilizers as solubility modifiers, pour-point depressants, at least one antioxidant, triazole deactivator compounds and fluoroacrylate copolymers.

A lubricating oil base stock including a lubricating oil base stock including from 5 to 50 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and from 95 to 50 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane. The lubricating oil base stock has a relationship between Noack volatility at 250 C. as measured by ASTM D5800 (y) and kinematic viscosity at 40 C. as measured by ASTM D445 (x) that is less than y=2.150.765*ln(x). Also provided is a lubricating oil containing the lubricating oil base stock and one or more lubricating oil additives. A method for improving one or more of thermal and oxidative stability, deposit control and traction control in a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil containing the lubricating oil base stock and one or more lubricating oil additives is also provided.

A method for forming a lubrication material using self-dispersed crumpled graphene balls as additives in a lubricant base fluid for friction and wear reduction. The lubricant base fluid may be, for example, a polyalphaolefin type-4 (PAO4) oil. After the crumpled graphene balls are added as additives in the lubricant base fluid, the lubricant base fluid with the additives are sonicated for a sonicating time period, so that the crumpled graphene balls are self-dispersed in the lubricant base fluid to improve friction and wear properties of the lubricant base fluid. In some cases, a dispersing agent, such as Triethoxysilane, may be added in the lubricant base fluid to enhance stability of dispersion of the crumpled graphene balls in the lubricant base fluid. The crumpled graphene balls may stay stably dispersed in the lubricant base fluid between a lower temperature (such as 15 C.) to a higher temperature (such as 90 C.).

Provided herein are methods for producing ,-unsaturated ketones from the condensation of methyl ketones in the presence of an amine catalyst. Such amine catalysts may be supported, for example, on a silica-alumina support. Such amine catalysts may be used in the presence of an additional acid. The ,-unsaturated ketones may be produced by dimerization and/or timerization of the methyl ketones. Such ,-unsaturated ketones may be suitable for use in producing fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, or precursors thereof. The methyl ketones may be obtained from renewable sources, such as by the fermentation of biomass.

A composition, including 40-50 wt-% C14 paraffins, based on the total weight of the composition, and 35-45 wt-% C15 paraffins, based on the total weight of the composition, wherein the C14 and C15 paraffins are produced from a biological raw material.