To provide a composition for a heat cycle system having favorable lubricating properties and comprising a working fluid for heat cycle which has a low global warming potential and which can replace R410A and a heat cycle system employing the composition.

A composition for a heat cycle system comprising a working fluid for heat cycle containing 1,2-difluoroethylene, and a refrigerant oil such as an oxygen-containing synthetic oil (such as an ester refrigerant oil or an ether refrigerant oil) or a hydrocarbon refrigerant oil, and a heat cycle system employing the composition for a heat cycle system.

Alkylated naphthalene compositions are usually formed by reacting naphthalene with an electrophilic agent under acid-catalyzed conditions to afford a mixture of monoalkylated naphthalenes, dialkylated naphthalenes, and sometimes polyalkylated naphthalenes. Reaction conditions are usually chosen to change the product distribution for purposes of modifying lubricant properties such as viscosity or volatility. Rarely does the product distribution exceed 90 wt. % monoalkylated naphthalenes. Viscosity and volatility may alternately be modified by obtaining a first fraction enriched in monoalkylated naphthalenes and a second fraction enriched in dialkylated naphthalenes and combining the first fraction and the second fraction in a specified ratio to produce a modified alkylated naphthalene composition having a targeted value of one of the viscosity or the volatility. The first fraction and the second fraction may be obtained by fractional distillation of a first alkylated naphthalene composition to afford an overhead fraction and a bottoms fraction.

A working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine comprising: a refrigerating machine oil containing at least one lubricating base oil selected from a mineral oil and a synthetic oil, and at least one phosphorus compound selected from a mono(alkylphenyl) diphenyl phosphate having a C3-C5 alkyl group and a di(alkylphenyl) phenyl phosphate having two C3-C5 alkyl groups, wherein a content of the phosphorus compound is 0.01 to 5% by mass based on a total amount of the refrigerating machine oil; and a hydrocarbon refrigerant having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

A lubricant formulation which is effective to remove or prevent carbon deposits in internal combustion engines has a solvency as defined by aniline point from about 20 to about 115, a volatility (as measured by NOACK) of less than 15%, an oxidative stability (as measured by PDSC) of above 40 minutes and a base oil viscosity of above 2 and below 10 cSt. The lubricant formulation can be formed from a blend of Group III, IV and V lubricants, in particularly polyalphaolefins, alkylated naphthalenes and polar Group V base stocks such as polyol esters. The carbon deposits can be removed from the engine piston by simply running the engine with the lubricant for one required cycle, or can be used continuously in the engine to prevent buildup.

This invention relates to the use of chloro-trifluoropropenes as refrigerants in negative-pressure liquid chillers and methods of replacing an existing refrigerant in a chiller with chloro-trifluoropropenes. The chloro-trifluoropropenes, particularly 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, have high efficiency and unexpectedly high capacity in liquid chiller applications and are useful as more environmentally sustainable refrigerants for such applications, including the replacement of R-123 and R-11.

The instant disclosure provides for diesel engine lubricating compositions and methods of lubricating a diesel engine by supplying the engine with a lubricating composition as disclosed herein. The lubricating compositions disclosed herein include a total sulfated ash of between 0.3 to 1.1 wt. %; a kinematic viscosity at 100 C. of less than 8.3 cSt; a total alkaline earth metal soap of from 0.6 wt % to 2.1 wt %, and a HTHS measured according to ASTM D4683 of less than 2.7 mPa.Math.s. The lubricating compositions may be used in diesel engines and, in particular, heavy-duty diesel engines to improve one or more of fuel economy and wear protection.

A lubricant composition comprises a base oil and at least one of carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 0.4 to 9.0 nm in an amount of 0.001 to 0.08% by mass relative to a total mass of the composition, and the composition has a consistency of 200 to 440.

Lubricant compositions comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and a viscosity modifier that is a hydrocarbon polymer having a number average molecular weight (M.sub.n) of less than 10,000 Daltons (Da). The viscosity modifier is present at greater than 2 wt %, based on a total weight of the lubricant composition. Exemplary hydrocarbon polymers include, but are not limited to, olefin polymers, such as polyisobutylene polybutene, ethylene -olefin copolymers, or combinations thereof.