Provided herein is a lubricant including a compound of Formula I
L-(CF.sub.2CF.sub.2O).sub.nCF.sub.2CH.sub.2ONOCH.sub.2CF.sub.2O(CF.sub.2CF.sub.2O).sub.m-M(Formula I) wherein L is selected from the group consisting of ##STR00001## M is selected from the group consisting of ##STR00002## wherein each instance of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxyl, carbocycyl, phenyl, heterocycyl, piperonyl, carboxyl, alkylamido, acetamido, carbamoyl, N-alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-dialkylcarbamoyl, 2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxyl, acryloyl, alkacryloyl, methacryloyl, a sustituent of methyl methacrylate, and a substituent of glycidyl ether; and wherein n1, m1, and n and m are the same or different.

A solid-state lubricant composition is disclosed. The solid-lubricant contains graphene, an oxide of a metal, and one or more polymeric binders. A method of making a solid-state lubricant coating on various substrates is disclosed. The method includes the steps of making a homogeneous slurry comprising powder of an oxide of a metal, graphene, and a polymeric binder with organic volatile solvent; coating a substrate with the homogeneous slurry with desired thicknesses; and drying the slurry on the substrate naturally or applying additional heat, resulting in a solid lubricant coating on the substrate. Substrates with coated solid composite lubricant show wear reduction and lower coefficient of friction compared with uncoated substrates.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solvent and a detergent that have excellent basic properties as solvents or detergents, such as solubility, and that have a boiling point, flammability, toxicity, GWP, and ODP that are all within preferable ranges. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a solvent composition or detergent composition comprising a hydrochlorofluoropropene represented by the formula: CX.sub.3CXCX.sub.2, wherein each X is the same or different and is F or Cl, at least one X is F, and at least three X are Cl; the hydrochlorofluoropropene having an atmospheric pressure boiling point of 50 C. or higher.

An electrorheological fluid which comprises a dispersion medium containing fluorine atoms in an amount larger than 0 wt % but not larger than 50.0 wt % and particles for electrorheological fluid use that are contained in the dispersion medium in an amount of 10-50 vol % of the total volume of the dispersion medium and the particles, the particles comprising a sulfonic-acid-group-containing polymer having a sulfonic acid group content of 30-70 wt %.

Disclosed are materials that possess both low adhesion and the ability to absorb water. The material passively absorbs water from the atmosphere and then expels this water upon impact with debris, to create a self-cleaning layer. The lubrication reduces friction and surface adhesion of the debris (such as an insect), which may then slide off the surface. The invention provides a material comprising a continuous matrix including a polymer having a low surface energy (less than 50 mJ/m.sup.2) and a plurality of inclusions, dispersed within the matrix, each comprising a hygroscopic material. The continuous matrix and the inclusions form a lubricating surface layer in the presence of humidity. The material optionally contains porous nanostructures that inject water back onto the surface after an impact, absorbing water under pressure and then releasing water when the pressure is removed. The material may be a coating or a surface, for example.

Disclosed are materials that possess both low adhesion and the ability to absorb water. The material passively absorbs water from the atmosphere and then expels this water upon impact with debris, to create a self-cleaning layer. The lubrication reduces friction and surface adhesion of the debris (such as an insect), which may then slide off the surface. The invention provides a material comprising a continuous matrix including a polymer having a low surface energy (less than 50 mJ/m.sup.2) and a plurality of inclusions, dispersed within the matrix, each comprising a hygroscopic material. The continuous matrix and the inclusions form a lubricating surface layer in the presence of humidity. The material optionally contains porous nanostructures that inject water back onto the surface after an impact, absorbing water under pressure and then releasing water when the pressure is removed. The material may be a coating or a surface, for example.

A coating agent for fasteners, in particular drilling screws and thread-forming screws, serves to improve the handling safety and reliability. For this purpose, the agent includes at least two different solid lubricants, with the first solid lubricant being a plastic or a wax and the second solid lubricant being at least one further plastic. These solid lubricants are preferably present in a solution, for example in a water-based, alcohol-based, or another, in particular organic solvent-based solution. The solid lubricants are preferably present as a micro-granulate, which achieves a better distribution in the coating and therefore a better availability of the solid lubricants in the case of use. A method for coating such fasteners with such a coating agent is also the subject-matter of the present invention.

Disclosed is a component-replaceable water ring vacuum pump in which inner components within a head unit may be disassembled and replaced without separation of the head unit from a main body, thus shortening an operation time and improving operation efficiency through prevention of leakage of an inner liquid during a replacement process. The water ring vacuum pump includes a main body provided with a shaft, a rotor rotated together with the shaft within the main body, a head unit coupled to both sides of the main body, a guide bearing provided within the head unit, and a mechanical seal configured to block inner gas. A bearing bracket to support the guide bearing is detachably fastened to one side of the head unit by a bolt, and an inner cap and an outer cap are assembled to the inner and outer surfaces of the bearing bracket by fixing bolts.

A solid-state lubricant composition is disclosed. The solid-lubricant contains graphene, an oxide of a metal, and one or more polymeric binders. A method of making a solid-state lubricant coating on various substrates is disclosed. The method includes the steps of making a homogeneous slurry comprising powder of an oxide of a metal, graphene, and a polymeric binder with organic volatile solvent; coating a substrate with the homogeneous slurry with desired thicknesses; and drying the slurry on the substrate naturally or applying additional heat, resulting in a solid lubricant coating on the substrate. Substrates with coated solid composite lubricant show wear reduction and lower coefficient of friction compared with uncoated substrates.

A method is provided that forms a solid film on a bearing component of a rolling bearing. A solution containing a fluorine compound and a lubricant having no functional group is allowed to adhere to the bearing component as a liquid film, the fluorine compound containing 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate, hexafluoropropene, and methyl methacrylate as components. The solid film is formed on the at least one of the bearing components by hardening the adhering liquid film.