The present invention relates to novel uses of corrosion inhibitors in fuels and lubricants.

A stable lubricant emulsion composition for use in engine and gear applications is provided. The emulsion includes a base petroleum oil, an aqueous salt solution that functions as a friction/wear modifier, and a polymeric non-ionic surfactant composition having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value in the range of 2.5 to 7 and an average molecular weight in the range of 1,000 to 3,000. The surfactant composition may include a polyester surfactant, a PIB succinimide surfactant, a PIB amine surfactant, or a mixture thereof.

A lubricating oil composition that includes a highly paraffinic base oil, a controlled release friction modifier (CRFM) and an effective amount of detergent. The CRFM includes an ionic tetrahedral borate compound comprising a cation and a tetrahedral borate anion which includes a boron atom, the boron atom having two bidentate di-oxo ligands of C.sub.18 tartrimide. The CRFM is a high stabilizer CRFM. The detergent includes a mixed magnesium and calcium detergent system having a calcium to magnesium ratio of less than 2:1.

Lubricating oil compositions and methods of their use are provided herein. A lubricating oil composition as described herein includes a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, an amine-functionalized olefin copolymer dispersant viscosity index improver in an amount of from about 1.5 wt. % to 2.0 wt. % based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and a dispersant. The amine-functionalized olefin copolymer dispersant viscosity index improver includes a reaction product of an acylated olefin copolymer and a polyamine. The dispersant includes reaction product of components (A) a hydrocarbyl-dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having a number average molecular weight of from about 500 to about 5000 and (B) at least one polyamine, wherein the reaction product is post-treated with (C) an aromatic carboxylic acid, an aromatic polycarboxylic acid, or an aromatic anhydride, wherein all carboxylic acid or anhydride groups are attached directly to an aromatic ring, and/or (D) a non-aromatic dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having a number average molecular weight of less than about 500.

A lubricant composition of an oil of lubricating viscosity, an ashless condensation reaction product of an olefin polymer, having a number average molecular weight of 2,000 to 70,000, comprising carboxylic acid or equivalent functionality grafted onto the polymer backbone, with a monoamine or a polyamine often having a single primary amino group; a succinimide dispersant; and an overbased metal detergent, in an amount such that the total base number of the lubricant composition is less than 6.5, exhibits good sludge prevention performance in a gasoline engine.

The present invention relates to novel uses of corrosion inhibitors in fuels and lubricants.

Graphenic carbon nanoparticles that are dispersed in solvents through the use of dispersant resins are disclosed. The graphenic carbon nanoparticles may be milled prior to dispersion. The dispersant resins may comprise a polymeric dispersant resin comprising an addition polymer comprising the residue of a vinyl heterocyclic amide, an addition polymer comprising a homopolymer, a block (co)polymer, a random (co)polymer, an alternating (co)polymer, a graft (co)polymer, a brush (co)polymer, a star (co)polymer, a telechelic (co)polymer, or a combination thereof. The solvents may be aqueous, non-aqueous, inorganic and/or organic solvents. The dispersions are highly stable and may contain relatively high loadings of the graphenic carbon nanoparticles.

Graphenic carbon nanoparticles that are dispersed in solvents through the use of dispersant resins are disclosed. The graphenic carbon nanoparticles may be milled prior to dispersion. The dispersant resins may comprise a polymeric dispersant resin comprising an addition polymer comprising the residue of a vinyl heterocyclic amide, an addition polymer comprising a homopolymer, a block (co)polymer, a random (co)polymer, an alternating (co)polymer, a graft (co)polymer, a brush (co)polymer, a star (co)polymer, a telechelic (co)polymer, or a combination thereof. The solvents may be aqueous, non-aqueous, inorganic and/or organic solvents. The dispersions are highly stable and may contain relatively high loadings of the graphenic carbon nanoparticles.

A method of making a coating solution includes the steps of polymerising an initial monomer feed comprising an N-vinyl pyrrolidone and an acrylate, preferably methacrylate, salt in water to synthesise a copolymer thereof, acidifying the resulting copolymer-water mixture to give free carboxylic acid groups along the copolymer backbone, diluting the aqueous solution down with alcohol, and adding a cross-linking agent which is capable of reacting with the carboxylic acid groups and curing the copolymer at a later stage after the coating solution has been applied to a substrate and the copolymer coated thereon. Also disclosed are a coating solution in storage, a method of coating a substrate which is on, or is part of, a medical device or other article, a substrate, article or medical device having a coating so applied, and a coated medical device packaged in a hydration solution. The aqueous-alcoholic coating solution may be stored for an extended period, suitably for at least one month and desirably for substantially longer, without deteriorating.

A method of making a coating solution includes the steps of polymerising an initial monomer feed comprising an N-vinyl pyrrolidone and an acrylate, preferably methacrylate, salt in water to synthesise a copolymer thereof, acidifying the resulting copolymer-water mixture to give free carboxylic acid groups along the copolymer backbone, diluting the aqueous solution down with alcohol, and adding a cross-linking agent which is capable of reacting with the carboxylic acid groups and curing the copolymer at a later stage after the coating solution has been applied to a substrate and the copolymer coated thereon. Also disclosed are a coating solution in storage, a method of coating a substrate which is on, or is part of, a medical device or other article, a substrate, article or medical device having a coating so applied, and a coated medical device packaged in a hydration solution. The aqueous-alcoholic coating solution may be stored for an extended period, suitably for at least one month and desirably for substantially longer, without deteriorating.