The invention provides a lubricating composition comprising a low viscosity base oil and a synergistic mixture of a functionalized ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, a poly(meth)acrylate polymer, and a metal-free anti-wear agent. The invention also provides a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine using such a lubricating composition.

The passage of a container along a conveyor is lubricated by applying to the container or conveyor a mixture of a water-miscible silicone material and a water-miscible lubricant. The mixture can be applied in relatively low amounts, to provide thin, substantially non-dripping lubricating films. In contrast to dilute aqueous lubricants, the lubricants of the invention provide drier lubrication of the conveyors and containers, a cleaner conveyor line and reduced lubricant usage, thereby reducing waste, cleanup and disposal problems.

The invention is directed to a zinc-free lubricating composition for an internal combustion engine containing a phosphorus anti-wear agent, an ashless antioxidant, and a metal-free basic detergent. The lubricating composition provides wear protection, deposit control, and improved acid control with reduced levels of metal-containing additives.

The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (1) (in formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a group represented by formula (2) or NHR.sup.0 (where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are not simultaneously NHR.sup.0), R.sup.0 represents any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2-30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-30 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group having 7-30 carbon atoms, and an arylalkyl group having 7-30 carbon atoms, each R.sup.3 independently represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having 1-30 carbon atoms, l represents an integer of 0-4, m represents an integer of 1-4 (where m is an integer of 2-4 in the case where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a group represented by formula (2)), and each n independently represents an integer of 0-4, and, in formula (2), R.sup.4 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6-24 carbon atoms, and X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 each independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom).

##STR00001##

Lubricant grease compositions comprising a silicone base stock oil having a kinematic viscosity of from 20,000 to 100,000 mm.sup.2/s at 25° C., a metal salt of a fatty acid wherein the metal is selected from the group of lithium, calcium, aluminium, barium titanium, zinc, magnesium and/or sodium; and a suitable anti-wear additive.

A composition treating a metal surface, especially a metalworking fluid, includes the reaction product of at least one amine-functionalized organosilane and at least one organophosphate and/or at least one oligomer or polymer of the reaction product, wherein the molar ratio of the amino group/s of the at least one amine-functionalized and of the at least one organophosphate is 1.0:0.4 to 1.0:1.2, and wherein the at least one amine-functionalized organosilane is linked to the at least one organophosphate by at least one phosphoric acid/amine salt bond. Also described herein is method for producing such a composition, the use of the composition, and a method for treating a metal surface.

The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition containing a mineral oil (A) containing 30% by mass or more of a bright stock (A1) on the basis of the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, wherein the lubricating oil composition further contains a synthetic oil (B) and a phosphoric acid ester (C), the content of the synthetic oil (B) is less than 70% by mass on the basis of the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the content of the phosphoric acid ester (C) as expressed in terms of a phosphorus atom is 0.050 to 0.200% by mass on the basis of the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, and a viscosity index is 150 or more, thereby providing a lubricating oil composition having low temperature dependence and favorable lubricating characteristics even in the case of using the mineral oil containing a bright stock.

A method of lubricating at least a portion of a powertrain in a vehicle with an electric motor with a functional fluid composition containing greater than 50 wt % of a base oil; and an additive composition prepared by mixing: a) a hydrocarbyl acid phosphate of the formula (I) to provide at least 50 ppmw phosphorus to the functional fluid composition;

##STR00001##

wherein R is a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 hydrocarbyl group and R.sub.1 is selected from hydrogen and a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 hydrocarbyl group; b) an amount of one or more calcium-containing detergent(s) sufficient to provide at least 25 ppmw calcium to the functional fluid composition; and c) one or more nitrogen containing dispersants in an amount sufficient to provide greater than 20 ppmw of nitrogen to the functional fluid composition, all based on the total weight of the functional fluid composition. Functional fluid compositions containing the above-mentioned components and lubricating methods are also disclosed herein.

Provided is a lubricating oil composition for use in turbomachinery, compressors, hydraulic equipments, or machine tools, which contains a mineral oil (A) and a synthetic oil (B) containing a polyalkylene glycol (B1) and a polyol ester (B2), in which the content of the mineral oil (A) is 5 to 95% by mass based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, and which is used in turbomachinery, compressors, hydraulic equipments, or machine tools. The lubricating oil composition is excellent in oxidation stability, has a strong effect of preventing sludge precipitation and has excellent water separability even in use for a long period of time in high-temperature environments.

A method having the step of using a compound as an additive for: gear oil, grease, engine oil, combustion-engine lubricant, automatic transmission fluid, two-cycle engine lubricant, marine-engine lubricant, or anti-wear agent, the compound having the structure: ##STR00001##
wherein each R is an independently selected alkylphenol-free moiety that is a C.sub.1-22 alkyl, C.sub.6-40 cycloalkyl, C.sub.3-20 methoxy alkyl glycol ether, C.sub.3-20 alkyl glycol ether, or Y—OH moiety; wherein each Y is an independently selected alkylphenol-free moiety that is a C.sub.2-40 alkylene, C.sub.6-40 cycloalkylene, C.sub.2-20 alkylene glycol ether, or C.sub.3-40 alkylene lactone moiety; wherein each m is an independently selected integer ranging from 1 to 100; and wherein x is an integer ranging from 1 to 1000.