Disclosed is a lubricant base stock blend comprising a PAO base stock and an alkylated aromatics (AA) base stock, wherein at least the longer portion of the pendant groups attached to the carbon backbones of the PAO molecules have comparable length to at least the longer portion of the side chain groups attached to the aromatic ring structure of the AA molecules. The comparable lengths of at least the longer portion of the pendant groups and the side chain groups lead to enhanced improvement in oxidation stability of the blend.

This invention relates to unsaturated polyol esters that can be used in hydraulic fluid applications, including fire-resistant hydraulic fluid applications, marine hydraulic fluid applications, metalworking fluid applications, food grade fluid applications, and transformer fluid applications, and methods for making the same.

Provided herein are estolide base oils and oligomeric compounds prepared from processes that include cross metathesis. Exemplary processes include the preparation of terminally-unsaturated fatty acids by cross metathesis, and the subsequent oligomerization of terminally-unsaturated fatty acids to provide estolide compounds, such as the process set forth below: ##STR00001##

Provided herein are estolide compositions having high oxidative stability, said compositions comprising at least one compound of formula:

##STR00001##

in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 0; m is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R.sub.1, independently for each occurrence, is selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched. Also provided herein are uses for the compositions and methods of preparing the same.

The refrigerator oil composition of the present invention is for a refrigerator in which a refrigerant containing as a major component at least one of a fluorine-containing organic compound selected from a compound represented by the following molecular formula (A) is used: C.sub.pF.sub.rR.sub.s (A), wherein R represents Cl, Br, I, or H; p represents an integer of from 2 to 6; r represents an integer of from 1 to 12; and s represents an integer of from 0 to 11, provided that the molecule has one or more carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, and the composition contains a polyol ester compound and a polyoxyalkylene glycol compound as a base oil in a mass ratio of from 10/90 to 98/2.

Provided herein are processes for preparing estolides and estolide base oils from fatty acid reactants utilizing catalysts. Further provided herein are processes for preparing carboxylic esters from at least one carboxylic acid reactant and at least one olefin.

Provided herein are processes for preparing estolides and estolide base oils from fatty acid reactants utilizing catalysts. Further provided herein are processes for preparing carboxylic esters from at least one carboxylic acid reactant and at least one olefin.

This disclosure relates to a liquid syndiotactic polyalphaolefin, sPAO, comprising one or more C.sub.4 to C.sub.24 monomers, said sPAO having: a) an rr triad content of 5 to 50% as measured by .sup.13C NMR; b) an mr triad content of 25 to 60% as measured by .sup.13C NMR, where the mr to mm triad ratio is at least 1.0; c) a pour point of Z C. or less, where Z=0.0648X51.2, where X=kinematic viscosity at 100 C. as reported in centistokes (cSt); d) a kinematic viscosity at 100 C. of 100 cSt or more (alternatively 200 cSt or more); e) a ratio of mr triads to rr triad (as determined by .sup.13C NMR) of less than 9; f) a ratio of vinylidene to 1,2-disubstituted olefins (as determined by .sup.1H NMR) of less than 8; g) a viscosity index of 120 or more; and h) an Mn of 40,000 or less. This disclosure further relates to processes to make and use sPAOs, including those having any combination of characterics a) to h).

Provided herein are compounds of the formula:

##STR00001##

in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R.sub.1, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched, wherein compositions comprising the compounds are characterized by particular combinations of values for estolide number, kinematic viscosity, and pour point. Also provided are compositions containing the compounds and methods of making both the compounds and compositions thereof.

Provided herein are methods of making estolide base oils, including those having a high kinematic viscosity. In certain embodiments, an ultra high-viscosity estolide base oil is prepared from hydroxy fatty acids derived from the hydrolysis of a first estolide base oil.