The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a block copolymer. The block copolymer may contain (a) a hydrophobic first block having C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units, wherein at least 50 wt % of the C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units are C.sub.12-15 alkyl (meth)acrylic units, and up to 50 wt % of the C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units are C.sub.16-20 alkyl (meth)acrylic units, with the proviso that alkyl groups of the C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units have an average total number of carbon atoms of at least 8; and (b) a second block having (meth)acrylic units further having a heteroatom-containing group providing a polar group. The invention further relates to a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine by lubricating the engine with the lubricating composition. The invention further relates to the use of the block copolymer as an emulsifier and/or pour point depressant.

A lubricating oil comprises a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of an additive package, and the additive package comprises at least one friction modifier of formula I: ##STR00001##
where R is a linear or branched, saturated, unsaturated, or partially saturated hydrocarbyl having about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms or R is represented by: ##STR00002##
and R.sub.1 is a linear or branched, saturated, unsaturated, or partially saturated hydrocarbyl having about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl having about 1 to about 2 carbon atoms. Methods of using the lubricating oil to improve thin film and/or boundary layer friction in an engine are also disclosed.

A method for reducing aqueous phase separation of an emulsion comprising ethanol-based fuel and a lubricating oil comprising molybdenum ester amide complex, comprising the step of adding to the lubricating oil a dispersant polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (DPMA) in an amount from about 0.01 to about 0.5% by weight of the lubricating oil, such that the weight ratio of molybdenum to DPMA is about 2.05 or less.

A method for preventing or reducing engine knock or pre-ignition in a high compression spark ignition engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition that contains (i) a lubricating oil base stock comprising at least one branched ester having at least about 15% of the total carbons in the form of methyl groups, and (ii) at least one ashless antiwear additive selected from a phosphorus-containing ashless antiwear additive, a sulfur-containing ashless antiwear additive, and a phosphorus/sulfur-containing ashless antiwear additive. A lubricating engine oil having a composition that contains (i) a lubricating oil base stock comprising at least one branched ester having at least about 15% of the total carbons in the form of methyl groups, and (ii) at least one ashless antiwear additive selected from a phosphorus-containing ashless antiwear additive, a sulfur-containing ashless antiwear additive, and a phosphorus/sulfur-containing ashless antiwear additive. The lubricating oils of this disclosure are useful as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.

A method for preventing or reducing engine knock or pre-ignition in a high compression spark ignition engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition that contains (i) a lubricating oil base stock comprising at least one ester including at least one group selected from the group consisting of Formula (1), Formula (2), and Formula (3):

##STR00001##

The lubricating oils of this disclosure are useful as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.

The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an antiwear agent and an oil of lubricating viscosity. The invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition in a mechanical device such as an internal combustion engine, or a driveline device.

The present invention relates to additives for reducing friction and wear in lubricants. In particular, the present invention relates to novel salts and their use in lubricating oil compositions for reducing friction and wear. In particular, the present invention relates to one or more ionic liquids, wherein the one or more ionic liquids comprise one or more cations and one or more Group 6 metal mononuclear metallate anions.

The present disclosure provides for methods of improving the performance of a combustion engine after-treatment device, such as particulate filters and/or three-way catalyst systems, over its useful life by using a lubricating oil composition including one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity and an additive package with increased amounts of least one oil-soluble silicon-containing compound.