A process and system for reducing contaminants contained in a contaminated feedstock comprising mixing the contaminated feedstock with water and at least one of metal scavengers or reactants, to form a feedstock-water-reactant mixture, feeding the mixture under pressure into a hydrothermal purification reactor, wherein the mixture is subject to heat, pressure, and turbulent flow conditions to cause rapid reaction of the inorganic contaminants with the metal scavengers or reactants to form inorganic salts that partition into an aqueous phase and maintaining the temperature, pressure, and turbulent flow conditions of the feedstock-water-reactant mixture for a predetermined space time to prevent the organic portion of the feedstock in the mixture from undergoing a conversion reaction and to form a hydrothermal reactor effluent; and separating the effluent into the aqueous phase containing salts of the inorganic contaminants and an organic phase that contains a lower concentration of inorganic contaminants than the contaminated feedstock.

A process for producing a chloride depleted feedstock from a chloride containing crude oil or fat feedstock is provided. The process including the following steps: providing the chloride containing crude oil or fat feedstock; contacting the chloride containing crude oil or fat feedstock with at least one degumming agent under degumming conditions to obtain a degummed feedstock; contacting the degummed feedstock with at least one first chloride removal agent under first chloride removal conditions to obtain a first dechlorinated feedstock; contacting the first dechlorinated feedstock with at least one bleaching agent under bleaching conditions to obtain a bleached feedstock; contacting the bleached feedstock with at least one second chloride removal agent under second chloride removal conditions to obtain a chloride depleted feedstock; and routing out the chloride depleted feedstock from a second chloride removal step.

A process for producing a chloride depleted feedstock from a chloride containing crude oil or fat feedstock is provided. The process including the following steps: providing the chloride containing crude oil or fat feedstock; contacting the chloride containing crude oil or fat feedstock with at least one degumming agent under degumming conditions to obtain a degummed feedstock; contacting the degummed feedstock with at least one first chloride removal agent under first chloride removal conditions to obtain a first dechlorinated feedstock; contacting the first dechlorinated feedstock with at least one bleaching agent under bleaching conditions to obtain a bleached feedstock; contacting the bleached feedstock with at least one second chloride removal agent under second chloride removal conditions to obtain a chloride depleted feedstock; and routing out the chloride depleted feedstock from a second chloride removal step.

A process for producing a pretreated oil or fat product from a crude oil or fat feedstock including a polymer, is provided. The process includes providing the crude oil or fat feedstock including a polymer from a storage volume; subjecting the crude oil or fat feedstock to a degumming step to obtain a degummed oil or fat feedstock; subjecting the degummed oil or fat feedstock to a bleaching step to obtain a bleached oil or fat feedstock; and routing out the bleached oil or fat feedstock from the bleaching step as the pretreated oil or fat product. The process also includes a polymer removal step, performed on the oil and fat feedstock upstream of any of the process steps (for producing polymer depleted oil or fat feedstock.

A process for producing a pretreated oil or fat product from a crude oil or fat feedstock including a polymer, is provided. The process includes providing the crude oil or fat feedstock including a polymer from a storage volume; subjecting the crude oil or fat feedstock to a degumming step to obtain a degummed oil or fat feedstock; subjecting the degummed oil or fat feedstock to a bleaching step to obtain a bleached oil or fat feedstock; and routing out the bleached oil or fat feedstock from the bleaching step as the pretreated oil or fat product. The process also includes a polymer removal step, performed on the oil and fat feedstock upstream of any of the process steps (for producing polymer depleted oil or fat feedstock.

The present technology provides a method that includes contacting a composition with a caustic solution to produce a caustic-treated composition; combining the caustic-treated composition with silica particles to produce a slurry; and removing the silica particles from the slurry to produce a treated composition; wherein the composition includes one or more of animal fats, animal oils, plant fats, plant oils, vegetable fats, vegetable oils, greases, and used cooking oil and the composition includes: at least about 10 wppm of total metals, at least about 8 wppm of phosphorus, at least about 10 wppm of chlorine, at least about 10 wppm of sulfur, at least about 20 wppm of nitrogen, at least about 5 wt. % of free fatty acids; and has an acid number from about 10 mg KOH/g to about 150 mg KOH/g, and the silica particles has a particle size from about 10 microns to about 50 microns, a BET surface area from about 200 m.sup.2/g to about 1000 m.sup.2/g.

The present technology provides a method that includes contacting a composition with a caustic solution to produce a caustic-treated composition; combining the caustic-treated composition with silica particles to produce a slurry; and removing the silica particles from the slurry to produce a treated composition; wherein the composition includes one or more of animal fats, animal oils, plant fats, plant oils, vegetable fats, vegetable oils, greases, and used cooking oil and the composition includes: at least about 10 wppm of total metals, at least about 8 wppm of phosphorus, at least about 10 wppm of chlorine, at least about 10 wppm of sulfur, at least about 20 wppm of nitrogen, at least about 5 wt. % of free fatty acids; and has an acid number from about 10 mg KOH/g to about 150 mg KOH/g, and the silica particles has a particle size from about 10 microns to about 50 microns, a BET surface area from about 200 m.sup.2/g to about 1000 m.sup.2/g.

A process for producing degummed, fatty acid-depleted, bleached and deodorized palm oil with no altered solid fat content and containing 3-MCPD and 2-MCPD in an amount of less than 2.5 mg/kg; GE in an amount of less than 1.0 mg/kg; and DAK in an amount of less than 25.0 mg/kg is provided. The disclosed process is a quick, cost-effective and easily scalable process for producing refined palm oil of high quality.

A process for producing degummed, fatty acid-depleted, bleached and deodorized palm oil with no altered solid fat content and containing 3-MCPD and 2-MCPD in an amount of less than 2.5 mg/kg; GE in an amount of less than 1.0 mg/kg; and DAK in an amount of less than 25.0 mg/kg is provided. The disclosed process is a quick, cost-effective and easily scalable process for producing refined palm oil of high quality.

In an aspect, a method is disclosed that includes contacting a composition with an aqueous solution to yield a mixture, where the composition includes one or more of animal fats, animal oils, plant fats, plant oils, vegetable fats, vegetable oils, greases, and used cooking oil, about 5 wt. % or more of free fatty acids, about 10 wppm or more of total metals, about 8 wppm or more phosphorus, about 20 wppm or more of nitrogen, and the aqueous solution includes ((NH.sub.4).sub.2H.sub.2EDTA, (NH.sub.4).sub.4EDTA, a monoammonium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a diammonium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a triammonium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a tetraammonium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, (NH.sub.4).sub.5DTPA, a combination of citric acid and Na.sub.4EDTA, a combination of citric acid and Na.sub.2H.sub.2EDTA, a combination of citric acid and a monosodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a combination of citric acid and a disodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a combination of citric acid and a trisodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a combination of citric acid and a tetrasodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a combination of citric acid and Na.sub.5DTPA, or a combination of any two or more thereof, where the method further includes centrifuging the mixture to yield a first treated composition, wherein the first treated composition has less total metals and less phosphorus than the composition.