The present technology provides a method that includes contacting a composition with a caustic solution to produce a caustic-treated composition; combining the caustic-treated composition with silica particles to produce a slurry; and removing the silica particles from the slurry to produce a treated composition; wherein the composition includes one or more of animal fats, animal oils, plant fats, plant oils, vegetable fats, vegetable oils, greases, and used cooking oil and the composition includes: at least about 10 wppm of total metals, at least about 8 wppm of phosphorus, at least about 10 wppm of chlorine, at least about 10 wppm of sulfur, at least about 20 wppm of nitrogen, at least about 5 wt. % of free fatty acids; and has an acid number from about 10 mg KOH/g to about 150 mg KOH/g, and the silica particles has a particle size from about 10 microns to about 50 microns, a BET surface area from about 200 m.sup.2/g to about 1000 m.sup.2/g.

A process for manufacturing a refined vegetable oil having a reduced content of 3-MCPD esters characterized in that it comprises the following steps: treating a deodorized vegetable oil with a base in a continuous pipe reactor, and contacting the base treated oil with an adsorbent and/or an acid. The thus obtained oil is low in 3-MCPD and has a low degree of interesterification and a low DAK content. It further relates to the use a continuous pipe reactor for treating a deodorized vegetable oil with a base wherein 3-MCPD ester content is reduced in the oil.

A process for manufacturing a refined vegetable oil having a reduced content of 3-MCPD esters characterized in that it comprises the following steps: treating a deodorized vegetable oil with a base in a continuous pipe reactor, and contacting the base treated oil with an adsorbent and/or an acid. The thus obtained oil is low in 3-MCPD and has a low degree of interesterification and a low DAK content. It further relates to the use a continuous pipe reactor for treating a deodorized vegetable oil with a base wherein 3-MCPD ester content is reduced in the oil.

The present invention is directed to a process for obtaining a lipid from a cell, the process involving lysing a cell to form a lysed cell composition; optionally adding a salt to the lysed cell composition; sequentially, in one or more cycles, raising the pH of the lysed cell composition to 10 or above for a period of time, followed by lowering the pH of the lysed cell composition to a pH of less than 6 for a period of time to demulsify the cell composition; and separating a lipid from the demulsified cell composition.

The present invention is directed to a process for obtaining a lipid from a cell, the process involving lysing a cell to form a lysed cell composition; optionally adding a salt to the lysed cell composition; sequentially, in one or more cycles, raising the pH of the lysed cell composition to 10 or above for a period of time, followed by lowering the pH of the lysed cell composition to a pH of less than 6 for a period of time to demulsify the cell composition; and separating a lipid from the demulsified cell composition.

The present technology provides a method that includes contacting a composition with a caustic solution to produce a caustic-treated composition; combining the caustic-treated composition with silica particles to produce a slurry; and removing the silica particles from the slurry to produce a treated composition; wherein the composition includes one or more of animal fats, animal oils, plant fats, plant oils, vegetable fats, vegetable oils, greases, and used cooking oil and the composition includes: at least about 10 wppm of total metals, at least about 8 wppm of phosphorus, at least about 10 wppm of chlorine, at least about 10 wppm of sulfur, at least about 20 wppm of nitrogen, at least about 5 wt.% of free fatty acids; and has an acid number from about 10 mg KOH/g to about 150 mg KOH/g, and the silica particles has a particle size from about 10 microns to about 50 microns, a BET surface area from about 200 m.sup.2/g to about 1000 .sub.m.sup.2.sub./g.

The present technology provides a method that includes contacting a composition with a caustic solution to produce a caustic-treated composition; combining the caustic-treated composition with silica particles to produce a slurry; and removing the silica particles from the slurry to produce a treated composition; wherein the composition includes one or more of animal fats, animal oils, plant fats, plant oils, vegetable fats, vegetable oils, greases, and used cooking oil and the composition includes: at least about 10 wppm of total metals, at least about 8 wppm of phosphorus, at least about 10 wppm of chlorine, at least about 10 wppm of sulfur, at least about 20 wppm of nitrogen, at least about 5 wt.% of free fatty acids; and has an acid number from about 10 mg KOH/g to about 150 mg KOH/g, and the silica particles has a particle size from about 10 microns to about 50 microns, a BET surface area from about 200 m.sup.2/g to about 1000 .sub.m.sup.2.sub./g.

Process for refining vegetable oil, to suppress the formation of monochloropropanediol esters (MCPDe) and reduce the content of glycidyl esters, comprising first and second refinement stages,

wherein the first refinement stage comprises the steps of: a) providing a crude vegetable oil having a combined MCPDe and glycidyl ester content below 0.2 ppm, preferably below 0.1 ppm; b) degumming the crude vegetable oil to produced degummed vegetable oil; c) bleaching of the degummed vegetable oil with activated bleaching earth under reduced pressure to yield bleached vegetable oil, preferably at a reduced pressure of 80-800 mbar; d) adding a base to the bleached vegetable oil and subsequent stripping and deodorizing under reduced pressure at a temperature below 255° C. to yield an intermediate refined vegetable oil;
and subsequently a second refinement stage comprising the steps of: e) bleaching of the intermediate refined vegetable oil using activated bleaching earth under reduced pressure to yield a bleached vegetable oil, preferably at a reduced pressure of 80-800 mbar; and f) deodorizing at a temperature below 220° C. to yield fully refined vegetable oil, preferably at a reduced pressure below 5 mbar,
wherein the fully refined vegetable oil has a combined MCPDe and glycidyl ester content below 4 ppm.

Process for refining vegetable oil, to suppress the formation of monochloropropanediol esters (MCPDe) and reduce the content of glycidyl esters, comprising first and second refinement stages,

wherein the first refinement stage comprises the steps of: a) providing a crude vegetable oil having a combined MCPDe and glycidyl ester content below 0.2 ppm, preferably below 0.1 ppm; b) degumming the crude vegetable oil to produced degummed vegetable oil; c) bleaching of the degummed vegetable oil with activated bleaching earth under reduced pressure to yield bleached vegetable oil, preferably at a reduced pressure of 80-800 mbar; d) adding a base to the bleached vegetable oil and subsequent stripping and deodorizing under reduced pressure at a temperature below 255° C. to yield an intermediate refined vegetable oil;
and subsequently a second refinement stage comprising the steps of: e) bleaching of the intermediate refined vegetable oil using activated bleaching earth under reduced pressure to yield a bleached vegetable oil, preferably at a reduced pressure of 80-800 mbar; and f) deodorizing at a temperature below 220° C. to yield fully refined vegetable oil, preferably at a reduced pressure below 5 mbar,
wherein the fully refined vegetable oil has a combined MCPDe and glycidyl ester content below 4 ppm.

The present invention is directed to a chloropropanol prevention pre-treatment process for crude vegetable oils.