Various aspects of this disclosure relate to a composition, comprising a gas phase and a condensed phase, wherein the gas phase comprises a molecule; the condensed phase comprises the molecule; the gas phase has a temperature and a pressure; the molecule has a boiling point at the pressure of the gas phase; the boiling point of the molecule is less than the temperature of the gas phase; the molecule has a vapor pressure at the temperature of the gas phase; the vapor pressure of the molecule is less than the pressure of the gas phase; the condensed phase consists of one or both of a solid phase and a liquid phase; the condensed phase is suspended in the gas phase; and the condensed phase has a surface-area-to-volume ratio of at least 500 per meter.

Methods and systems for extracting additional beneficial lipid-soluble heavy compounds from plant material in an environmentally sustainable manner. A method includes preparing a solution that includes a solvent comprising an essential oil and further includes a solute comprising a plant material. The method includes extracting one or more compounds from the plant material using the essential oil as part of the solvent.

Described are liquid compositions that contain a desired (e.g., extracted) plant material such as cannabinoid, terpene, terpenoid, or the like, contained, e.g., dissolved, suspended, or emulsified, in the liquid, which contains surfactant; methods of preparing these types of liquid compositions; and methods of processing this type of liquid composition to collect, isolate, concentrate, or purify a desired target material contained in the liquid composition.

Various aspects of this disclosure relate to methods to lower the activation energy of the cannabinoid decarboxylation reaction by performing the decarboxylation reaction in the gas phase. In some specific embodiments, the method relates to the decarboxylation of a cannabinoid performed in a short-path distillation apparatus or a thin-film distillation apparatus.

The current invention relates to a stabilized perfumed aqueous composition comprising: a) 95.1 to 99.9 wt. % of a component (A), wherein said component (A) is a perfume component in a concentration of at most 30 wt. % in water; b) 0.1 to 4.9 wt. % of a component (B), wherein said component (B) is 1,2-pentanediol. In another aspect, the invention relates to a process for stabilizing a perfumed aqueous composition by addition 0.1 to 4.9 wt. % of 1,2-pentanediol to said perfumed aqueous composition, wherein said perfumed aqueous composition is a composition comprising at most 30 wt. % of a perfume component in water. In a third aspect, the invention relates to the use of stabilized perfumed aqueous composition in cosmetics, personal care and cleaning products.