A membrane fibre bunch for use in a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR), the membrane fibre bunch comprising: a group of membrane fibres arranged as a bunch (4) of vertical or horizontal membrane fibres attached at either end to an gas supply manifold (8) within the housing, with each fibre having a lumen containing a gas phase; and a means for connecting the group of membrane fibres so that the gas can flow within the lumen of the membrane; wherein the group of membrane fibres are maintained in position by a connector or overmold (10), the connector or overmold configured to maintain the group of membrane fibres (2) in a spaced-apart configuration from one another and the cross-section of the connector/overmold being of non-circular shape such as ellipsoidal, star-shape etc.

A reactor for continuous saccharification of biomass having a high solid content comprises perforated plates and stirring means, in which the perforated plates includes nozzles for feeding additives, including a saccharification enzyme, and a sensor, which communicate with the holes of the perforated plates.

An Axial Dispersion Bioreactor (ADBR) is designed for the photoautotrophic, mixotrophic or heterotrophic growth and production of microalgae and other microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, etc.) as well as cell cultures of plants, animals, insects and others. The ADBR is equipped with a plate having a plurality of holes that moves longitudinally or axially within the bioreactor to effect superior hydrodynamic and mixing patterns. The ADBR has the advantages of providing a low-shear culture environment, superior liquid mixing, and efficient gas mass transfer.

A microfluidic apparatus is disclosed which may be used for example, in an analytic device, which performs methods including those for determining concentration measurements, such as complete blood cell count in from a blood sample of unknown blood concentration.

A fluidic device, a fluidic system and a method for developing a cellular starting material into a three-dimensional cellular structure. The fluidic device includes a base body which includes a chamber in which a matrix is received, into which the cellular starting material to be developed can be introduced, and at least two fluid reservoirs. Each fluid reservoir includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet and a separating device which is partially permeable to a fluid medium and which separates the associated fluid reservoir from the chamber and forms a common plane interface with the chamber, via which the fluid medium can diffuse into the matrix. When using suitable fluid media, the fluidic device is adapted to form at least one concentration gradient, at least two mutually orthogonal concentration gradients and/or at least two mutually antiparallel concentration gradients in the matrix, each of which are essentially homogeneous or deliberately inhomogeneous in the z-direction over at least a section of the extension of the matrix.

Systems and methods relating to dynamic spargers for generating fine bubbles within reactors such as biological and chemical reactors. A sparger system is positioned within a reactor and comprises a support plate, multiple annular shrouds engaged with the support plate, and spargers positioned within the annular shrouds defining a gap between an interior surface of the annular shroud and an exterior surface of the corresponding sparger. Liquid flows through the defined gap between an interior surface of the annular shroud and an exterior surface of the sparger. Acceleration of the liquid through the gap shears bubbles at the exterior surface of the sparger creating bubbles or fine bubbles.

Systems and methods relating to dynamic spargers for generating fine bubbles within reactors such as biological and chemical reactors. A sparger system is positioned within a reactor and comprises a support plate, multiple annular shrouds engaged with the support plate, and spargers positioned within the annular shrouds defining a gap between an interior surface of the annular shroud and an exterior surface of the corresponding sparger. Liquid flows through the defined gap between an interior surface of the annular shroud and an exterior surface of the sparger. Acceleration of the liquid through the gap shears bubbles at the exterior surface of the sparger creating bubbles or fine bubbles.