What is described is an integrated steel mill and a bioreactor configured to produce useful products from the waste stream of the steel mill. A waste gas stack which is connected to the steel mill is connected to a heat exchanger to cool the waste gas from the steel mill. The cooled gas is pressurized using a pressurization apparatus connected to the heat exchanger. The pressurized gas is sent to an oxygen removal apparatus connected to the pressurization apparatus. An oxygen depleted waste stream from the oxygen removal apparatus is passed to a bioreactor (connected to the oxygen removal apparatus) where microorganisms ferment the waste stream to products. Optional apparatus such as scrubbers, valves, buffers, are also disclosed. The products of the fermentation in the bioreactor can be ethanol and or acetate.

Provided herein are methods and compositions related to fermentation of anaerobic bacteria.

This disclosure describes hardware for microfluidic chips and an associated support module for facilitating operation of one or more microfluidic chips. The microfluidic chips described herein are designed for supporting multiple different tissue types, including kidney tissue, liver tissue, adipose cells, and so forth. Chip geometry facilities fluid flow through one or more channels of the chip with a particular flow rate. For example, shear forces are reduced where needed to ensure proper flow rate of fluid in the channels. The chamber geometry and the geometry of the channels ensures that a desired amount of oxygen is delivered to sample cells or tissues in a controlled manner.

A controlling system is provided for operating an examination system configured for microscopic examination of a sample. The examination system includes a microscope, an incubation environment conditioning unit connected to the microscope, and a user interface. The examination system provides an incubation mode in which a sample chamber is incubated by supplying an incubation atmosphere generated by the incubation environment conditioning unit. The controlling system is configured to receive a target setpoint of at least one examination parameter upon user input via the user interface, select, based on the received at least one target setpoint, predefined adjustment setpoints for at least one incubation environment parameter of the incubation mode and for at least one microscope parameter, and operate the incubation environment conditioning unit and the microscope based on the selected adjustment setpoints.

Provided is a reaction apparatus for comprehensively measuring biodegradability of a material, comprising a device frame, an electrical control cabinet and a reaction chamber monomer. The upper side of the reaction chamber monomer is a reaction chamber body, and the lower part is a material receiving trolley. The top of the reaction chamber body is sealed by a chamber cover. A side wall is pasted with an electric heating plate and a thermal insulation cotton. A stirring paddle is arranged inside. An air inlet and an air outlet are respectively provided on a front and a rear wall. A discharging mechanism is located below. The electrical control cabinet separately controls the reaction conditions of each reaction chamber monomer. The present invention further relates to a use method thereof, which can realize the biodegradability evaluation in such three aspects as material degradation rate, disintegration rate and ecological non-toxicity test.

An apparatus, that relates to the field of in vitro fertilization, is provided for the combined incubation and vitrification of a biological material. The apparatus can be configured to allow for automatic incubation and vitrification of a viable biological material. Thereby predetermined protocols for handling the biological material can be performed precisely and accurately thus avoiding errors and deviations from the intended protocol, as caused by manual human intervention.

A cell culture device for culturing cells in a closed container kept in an aseptic state includes: a chamber including an opening/closing part capable of being opened and closed; a connection path configured to connect closed containers accommodated in the chamber to each other and each having an inside kept in an aseptic state; a driving part configured to move cells from one closed container to the other closed container via the connection path; and a container attachment/detachment device. After the cells are moved from one closed container to the other closed container, the container attachment/detachment device is configured to remove one closed container from the connection path while maintaining an aseptic state inside the other closed container and the connection path, and connect a new closed container loaded into the chamber to the connection path while maintaining an aseptic state inside the new closed container.

The present invention relates in a first aspect to a plug flow tubular bioreactor having an integral or multi-part tube adapted for cultivation, and, optionally, infection, viral transduction, or transfection of eukaryotic cells. In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a plug flow tubular bioreactor system comprising the plug flow tubular bioreactor according to the present invention. Further, the present invention relates to a method for preparing virus particles, vectors, cells or other molecules including toxic molecules using the plug flow tubular bioreactor or the system according to the present invention. Finally, the present invention relates to the use of a plug flow tubular bioreactor for the preparation of virus particles, vectors including viral vectors, cells including modified cells or other molecules including toxic molecules.

Incubators including an enclosure with an internal chamber configured to support a cell culture plate comprising a plurality of wells are disclosed. The enclosure includes a plurality of openings configured to allow access to the wells. The incubators include a sealing element configured to seal the plurality of openings in the enclosure. The sealing element comprises a plurality of openings corresponding to at least a subset of the plurality of openings in the enclosure. Access to the internal chamber can be provided by aligning the plurality of openings in the sealing element with the plurality of openings in the enclosure. Methods for using the incubators are also provided.

The present disclosure provides an integrated and energy-efficient apparatus for the fabrication of completely biodegradable Polyhydroxyalkanoate, PHA, bioplastic products. The apparatus combines a bioreactor fermenter, mixing chambers, and an oven and mold chamber in a single compact design, allowing the entire fabrication process to be handled by a process controller if desired. Plates, cups, masks, packaging materials, and other plastic products can be produced directly from biomass media, with solvents and other agents recycled within the apparatus between batches.