The present invention provides a cell culture vessel/sample observation cell that is capable of culturing cells or cell tissue in three dimensions and allowing a three-dimensional structure of the cells or the cell tissue to be perceived easily. The cell culture vessel/sample observation cell according to the present invention for containing a culture gel in which the cells or the cell tissue is embedded, comprises a frame, at least one window bordered by the frame, and at least one projection projecting from the frame inwardly into the cell culture vessel/sample observation cell, wherein the at least one window is light-permeable and nutrient component-permeable and is placed in such a way as to allow for multifaceted observation of the cells or the cell tissue, and the projection has a feature point to be placed at a position where the cells or the cell tissue as well as the feature point can be observed from the window.

A cell culture matrix is provided that has a substrate with a first side, a second side opposite the first side, a thickness separating the first side and the second side, and a plurality of openings formed in the substrate and passing through the thickness of the substrate. The plurality of openings allow flow of at least one of cell culture media, cells, or cell products through the thickness of the substrate, and provides a uniform, efficient, and scalable matrix for cell seeding, proliferation, and culturing. The substrate can be formed from a woven polymer mesh material that provides a high surface area to volume ratio for cells and good fluid flow through the matrix. Bioreactor systems incorporating the cell culture matrix and related methods are also provided.

Chimeric transmembrane immunoreceptors (CAR) targeted to PSCA are described.

This invention provides RNA, oligoribonucleotide, and polyribonucleotide molecules comprising pseudouridine or a modified nucleoside, gene therapy vectors comprising same, methods of synthesizing same, and methods for gene replacement, gene therapy, gene transcription silencing, and the delivery of therapeutic proteins to tissue in vivo, comprising the molecules. The present invention also provides methods of reducing the immunogenicity of RNA, oligoribonucleotide, and polyribonucleotide molecules.

A perfusion manifold assembly is described that allows for perfusion of a microfluidic device, such as an organ on a chip microfluidic device comprising cells that mimic cells in an organ in the body, that is detachably linked with said assembly so that fluid enters ports of the microfluidic device from a fluid reservoir, optionally without tubing, at a controllable flow rate. A culture module is contemplated that allows the perfusion and optionally mechanical actuation of one or more microfluidic devices, such as organ-on-a-chip microfluidic devices comprising cells that mimic at least one function of an organ in the body.

The present disclosure relates to novel anti-CLEC2D antibodies and related compositions and methods of use thereof. These antibodies are used as therapeutics, and in prognostic and diagnostic applications in various cancers and other diseases.

The present invention refers to methods for selectively recognizing a base pair in a DNA sequence by a polypeptide, to modified polypeptides which specifically recognize one or more base pairs in a DNA sequence and, to DNA which is modified so that it can be specifically recognized by a polypeptide and to uses of the polypeptide and DNA in specific DNA targeting as well as to methods of modulating expression of target genes in a cell.

A packed-bed bioreactor system is provided, the system including a cell culture vessel having a first end, a second end, and a reservoir between the first and second ends; and a cell culture matrix disposed in the reservoir. The cell culture matrix includes a structurally defined substrate with a plurality of interwoven fibers having surfaces for adhering cells thereto. The substrate is disposed within the reservoir in a wound configuration creating a plurality of layers of substrate in the wound configuration, and none of the plurality of layers of substrate are separated by a spacer material.

A spheroid cell culture article including: a frame having a chamber including: an opaque side wall surface; a top aperture; a gas-permeable, transparent bottom; and optionally a chamber annex surface and second bottom, and at least a portion of the transparent bottom includes at least one concave arcuate surface, is disclosed. Methods of making and using the article are also disclosed.

The invention relates to a method for removing a viral contaminant from a preparation, being a cell culture medium or at least a component of a cell culture medium. The method comprises subjecting said preparation to filtration for at least about 24 hours through a virus filter having an effective pore size of maximum about 75 nm. Further, the invention relates to the use of a virus filter in filtration of at least about 24 hours, wherein the virus filter has an effective pore size of maximum about 75 nm for the removal of viral contaminant from a preparation, being a cell culture medium or at least a component of a cell culture medium. In some embodiments the filtration according to the invention operates at a volumetric capacity of at least about 2000 L/m.sup.2. Further, the invention relates to the use of a preparation, being a cell culture medium or at least a component of a cell culture medium obtainable according to method of the invention for cell culture; pharmaceutical, diagnostic and/or cosmetic preparations as well as in food preparations.