An aqueous binder composition for mineral fibers which comprises at least one polyelectrolytic hydrocolloid.

The present invention discloses an engineering yeast strain for producing nervonic acids. The yeast strain over-expresses the genes related to enzymes required in a synthetic process of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, such as fatty acid elongase, desaturase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase and the like, and optionally, further adjusts and controls the synthesis and decomposition route of triglyceride, the synthesis and decomposition route of sphingomyelin, and the synthesis and decomposition route and the oxidation-reduction balanced route of lipid subcell levels. The recombinant yeast strain can produce microorganism oil; and the content of the prepared nervonic acids accounts for 39.6% of the total fatty acids.

The present invention is directed to the cells, compositions and methods for the production of recombinant protein, wherein an f-met group on the 5-terminus is enzymatically removed. In particular, the invention is directed to a production process for obtaining high levels of soluble recombinant CRM.sub.197 protein from E. coli. Cells preferably contain one or more mutations of disulfide reductase genes, so that disulfide reductase activity is reduced. The invention also relates to purification method for CRM.sub.197 as well as characterization of properly folded CRM.sub.197 protein.

The present disclosure identifies pathways, mechanisms, systems and methods to confer chemoautotrophic production of carbon-based products of interest, such as sugars, alcohols, chemicals, amino acids, polymers, fatty acids and their derivatives, hydrocarbons, isoprenoids, and intermediates thereof, in organisms such that these organisms efficiently convert inorganic carbon to organic carbon-based products of interest using inorganic energy, such as formate, and in particular the use of organisms for the commercial production of various carbon-based products of interest.

Processes for producing reduced coenzyme Q.sub.10 (CoQ.sub.10) are provided. The processes may include preparing a reaction mixture, which includes oxidized CoQ.sub.10, a reductase, a supplement coenzyme, a coenzyme regeneration enzyme, and a substrate of the coenzyme regeneration enzyme, and providing a condition so that components of the reaction mixture react to produce the reduced CoQ.sub.10.

The present invention relates to a method for upregulation of thioredoxin expression in stem cells and, more particularly, to a method for upregulation of thioredoxin expression in stem cells, the method comprising a step of culturing stem cells in a hypoxic condition, the stem cells having an upregulated expression of thioredoxin by the same method, and a use of the stem cells in treatment of ischemic brain disease. When cultured in a hypoxic condition, stem cells are able to have increased expression of thioredoxin and stem cells that have an upregulated expression level of thioredoxin exhibiting an excellent therapeutic effect on ischemic brain disease can be obtained by the method. Thus, the stem cells can be usefully applied in the prevention or treatment of ischemic brain disease.

Isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and recombinant DNA constructs are useful for conferring improved drought tolerance and/or nitrogen stress tolerance. Compositions (such as plants or seeds) comprise these recombinant DNA constructs; and methods utilize these recombinant DNA constructs. The recombinant DNA constructs comprise a polynucleotide operably linked to a promoter that is functional in a plant, wherein said polynucleotides encode drought tolerance polypeptide FTR1.

Codon optimized nucleic acid sequences for the long form and short form of RdCVF are provided, as well as recombinant viral vectors, such as AAV, expression cassettes, proviral plasmids or other plasmids containing the codon optimized sequences. Recombinant vectors are provided that express the codon optimized RdCVFL and RdCVF individually, or express two copies of a codon optimized RdCVF or RdCVFL nucleic acid sequence, or both RdCVFL and RdCVF in a single vector or virus. Compositions containing these codon optimized sequences are useful in methods for treating, retarding or halting certain blinding diseases resulting from the absence or inappropriate expression of RdCVF and RdCVFL.

The invention relates to engineering of acetyl-CoA metabolism in yeast and in particular to production of acetyl-CoA in a non-ethanol producing yeast lacking endogenous gene(s) encoding pyruvate decarboxylase and comprising a heterologous pathway for synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA.

The present invention relates to a method of producing metal nanoparticles and metal sulfide nanoparticles using a recombinant microorganism co-expressing metallothionein and phytochelatin synthase, which are heavy metal-adsorbing proteins, and to the use of metal nanoparticles and metal sulfide nanoparticles synthesized by the method. The present invention provides a method for synthesizing metal nanoparticles which have been difficult to synthesize by conventional biological methods. The present invention makes it possible to synthesize metal nanoparticles in an environmentally friendly and cost-effective manner, and also makes it possible to synthesize metal sulfide nanoparticles. In addition, even metal nanoparticles which could have been produced by conventional chemical or biological methods are produced in a significantly increased yield by use of the method of the present invention.