The disclosure provides genetically engineered microorganisms and methods for improved biological production of ethylene glycol and precursors of ethylene glycol. The microorganism of the disclosure produces ethylene glycol or a precursor of ethylene glycol through one or more of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, oxaloacetate, citrate, malate, and glycine. The disclosure further provides compositions comprising ethylene glycol or polymers of ethylene glycol such as polyethylene terephthalate.

The present invention provides for a genetically modified host cell capable of producing isopentenol and/or 3-methyl-3-butenol, comprising (a) an increased expression of phosphomevalonate decarboxylase (PMD) (b) an increased expression of a phosphatase capable of converting isopentenol into 3-methyl-3-butenol, (c) optionally the genetically modified host cell does not express, or has a decreased expression of one or more of NudB, phosphomevalonate kinase (PMK), and/or PMD, and (d) optionally one or more further enzymes capable of converting isopentenol and/or 3-methyl-3-butenol into a third compound, such as isoprene.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing selenoneine that allows production of selenoneine at higher yields, even if an inorganic selenium compound is used as a selenium compound. This purpose can be achieved by a method for producing selenoneine, comprising the step of applying histidine and a selenium compound to a transformant to obtain selenoneine, wherein the transformant has at least one gene selected from the group consisting of a SatA gene, a CysB gene and a MetR gene, and an EgtA gene inserted therein and can overexpress the inserted genes.

The biological production of beta-hydroxyisovalerate (βHIV) using a non-natural microorganism. The non-natural microorganism for the biologically-derived βHIV provides more beta-hydroxyisovalerate synthase activity than the wild-type parent. The non-natural microorganism can host a non-natural enzyme, such as the non-natural enzyme expressed in a yeast or bacteria, wherein the non-natural microorganism comprises an active βHIV metabolic pathway for the production of βHIV. The biological derivation of βHIV eliminates toxic by-products and impurities that result from the chemical production of βHIV, such that βHIV produced by a non-natural microorganism prior to any isolation or purification process has not been in substantial contact with any halogen-containing component.

The present invention provides a gene delivery vehicle comprising a heterologous genome capable of upregulating the expression of HMGCS2 in human heart and, in particular, in the cardiomyocyte (CM). Upregulating the expression of HMBCS2 causes a metabolic switch that facilitates CM dedifferentiation and regeneration under myocardial infarction or hypoxic conditions. The present invention also provides a method of therapy for protection and/or regeneration of the human heart and, in particular, in the CM by administration of the composition of the present invention to the patient.

Described herein are modified isopropylmalate synthase nucleic acids and proteins, as well as methods, plants, plant cells, and seeds that include the modified isopropylmalate synthase. As shown herein, plants and seeds with such modified isopropylmalate synthase nucleic acids and proteins have increased biomass and/or increased amino acid content.

The invention features compositions and methods for the increased production of mevalonate, isoprene, isoprenoid precursor molecules, isoprenoids, and/or acetyl-CoA-derived products in recombinant microorganisms by engineering the microorganisms to comprise one or more acetylating proteins such that the expression and/or activity of the one or more acetylating proteins is modulated.

The present disclosure concerns a recombinant yeast host cell exhibiting higher stability and, in some embodiments, higher fermentation performance. The recombinant yeast host cell stability has a limited ability to express an hydrolase during its propagation phase. In return, this limits the cleavage of a yeast cellular component during or after propagation which may be detrimental to the stability and/or fermentation performances. The recombinant yeast host cell expresses a heterologous hydrolase under the control of a heterologous promoter (for limiting the expression of the heterologous hydrolase during propagation and favoring the expression of the heterologous hydrolase during fermentation).

Provided herein are processes and microorganisms which utilize both protein hydrolysates and carbohydrates from biomass feedstocks to produce renewable hydrocarbon compositions. Advantages of the disclosed methods may be recognized in fuel blends comprising such hydrocarbon compositions.

The present invention pertains to the recombinant manufacture of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Specifically, it relates to acyltransferase polypeptides, polynucleotides encoding said acyltransferases as well as vectors, host cells, non-human transgenic organisms containing said polynucleotides. Moreover, the present invention contemplates methods for the manufacture of polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as oils obtained by such methods.