The present application discloses a method for inducing cells to gain characteristics of nave stem cell state comprising culturing the cells in the presence of a MUC1* activator.

A cleaning agent comprising a supporting substrate with an oxidoreductase enzyme immobilized thereon wherein the oxidoreductase enzyme is selected from oxidoreductase enzymes having an enzyme classification number selected from the group consisting of E.C. 1.1-1.10 and E.C. 1.12-1.99.

The present invention relates to an enzyme-containing polymer of 2-amino monosaccharide, preferably an enzyme-containing chitosan, comprising: a first repeating unit of the following Formula 1a: a second repeating unit of the following Formula 1b: and a third repeating unit of the following Formula 1c: or conjugate salts thereof, wherein all the substituents are as defined herein. There is also provided a redox polymer and the methods of preparing the enzyme-containing polymer and the redox polymer. The present invention also relates to a sensor, a method of manufacturing the sensor, a monitor, methods for monitoring failure of a tissue and uses of the sensor comprising the enzyme-containing polymer, and the monitor thereof.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to an enzyme-containing polymer of 2-amino monosaccharide, preferably an enzyme-containing chitosan, comprising: a first repeating unit of the following Formula 1a: a second repeating unit of the following Formula 1b: and a third repeating unit of the following Formula 1c: or conjugate salts thereof, wherein all the substituents are as defined herein. There is also provided a redox polymer and the methods of preparing the enzyme-containing polymer and the redox polymer. The present invention also relates to a sensor, a method of manufacturing the sensor, a monitor, methods for monitoring failure of a tissue and uses of the sensor comprising the enzyme-containing polymer, and the monitor thereof.

##STR00001##

Methods for immobilizing a protein or functional protein fragment on a surface in a controlled orientation, for immobilizing a protein or functional protein fragment on a surface with efficient immobilization loading of the protein or protein fragment, and for immobilizing a protein or functional protein fragment on a surface with retention of the activity of the protein or protein fragment. In the methods, a tetrazine-modified protein or a tetrazine-modified functional protein fragment is contacted with a trans-cyclooctene-modified surface to provide a surface having the protein or functional protein fragment immobilized thereon. Surfaces having a protein or functional protein fragment immobilized thereon obtainable by the method and methods for using the surfaces for measuring the binding of a ligand to a protein or functional protein fragment.

The present disclosure provides an immobilized crude enzyme for degrading complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of remediation of complex organics-polluted soil. The present disclosure particularly relates to an immobilized crude enzyme and a preparation method thereof. In the present disclosure, the immobilized crude enzyme for degrading complex PAHs in soil is prepared from an acid-modified chestnut inner shell and a crude enzyme solution of white rot fungi; and there are copper ions in the crude enzyme solution of the white rot fungi. The preparation method includes: 1, preparing a chestnut inner shell into a powdered material; 2, preparing modified biochar; 3, conducting immobilization.

The present disclosure provides an immobilized crude enzyme for degrading complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of remediation of complex organics-polluted soil. The present disclosure particularly relates to an immobilized crude enzyme and a preparation method thereof. In the present disclosure, the immobilized crude enzyme for degrading complex PAHs in soil is prepared from an acid-modified chestnut inner shell and a crude enzyme solution of white rot fungi; and there are copper ions in the crude enzyme solution of the white rot fungi. The preparation method includes: 1, preparing a chestnut inner shell into a powdered material; 2, preparing modified biochar; 3, conducting immobilization.

The present invention provides a composition for substrate surface modification and a method using the same, and the composition for substrate surface modification is composed of a compound of the general formula structure shown in formula 1:

##STR00001## formula 1, wherein n.sub.1 is an integer of 1 to 6, and R is a zwitterionic group. The composition for substrate surface modification uses water as a medium to perform modifying reaction over a substrate surface, and at the same time has biological modification characteristics, and abilities of immobilizing biomolecules and anti-biofouling.

The present invention provides a composition for substrate surface modification and a method using the same, and the composition for substrate surface modification is composed of a compound of the general formula structure shown in formula 1:

##STR00001## formula 1, wherein n.sub.1 is an integer of 1 to 6, and R is a zwitterionic group. The composition for substrate surface modification uses water as a medium to perform modifying reaction over a substrate surface, and at the same time has biological modification characteristics, and abilities of immobilizing biomolecules and anti-biofouling.

The invention is directed to a complex, including: a porous composite carrier including: a porous organic foam material containing open pores, each pore comprising a wall defining the pore; and a crosslinked product having aldehyde groups and immobilized on the surface of the walls of one or more pores of the porous organic foam materials, and a protein, polypeptide, or oligopeptide immobilized onto the porous composite carrier through a reaction between an amino group of the protein, polypeptide or oligopeptide and an aldehyde group of the composite carrier. The immobilized product has high specific surface area and high specific activity. The immobilization is simple and in low cost, and is suitable for industrial application.