This disclosure relates to a method of treating, preventing, or reducing a symptom of a virus infection, including a SARS-CoV-2 infection, by administering an effective amount of tdsRNA optionally with an anti-viral agent, to a subject.

The present disclosure provides for antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates, methods of preparation thereof, and methods of use thereof. Also provided are related compounds, compositions and kits.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising (i) a first substance which is capable to stimulate T cells, (ii) a second substance which is capable to stimulate NK cells (natural killer cells), and (iii) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and wherein the second substance is a double stranded nucleic acid, single stranded nucleic acid, unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, TLR agonist except lipopolysaccharide (LPS), arabinoxylan (BioBran® MGN-3), an immunoglobulin, a murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-encoded protein, CCL5 (chemokine (C—C motif) ligand 5), a UL-16-binding protein (ULBP), CD48, CD70, CD155, CD112, Necl-1, B7-H6, ICAM-1, RAE-1 (retinoic acid early inducible 1), 1160, Mult1 and/or hemagglutinin, to a method for measuring, determining and/or detecting the status of cell-mediated immune responsiveness of a subject, to a kit comprising the composition according to the invention, to the use of the composition for measuring, determining and/or detecting of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and/or for detecting, diagnosing, monitoring an immunosuppression condition in a subject.

Compositions and methods for treating cancer are provided. In particular, the compositions comprise an anti-neoplastic agent and either an interferon type I agonist or an interferon type II agonist, or a combination of an interferon type I agonist and an interferon type II agonist.

Amphiphilic oligonucleotide conjugates that enhance adjuvant function are disclosed. The conjugates typically include: a lipophilic component, and conjugated thereto (directly or indirectly) an immunomodulating oligonucleotide that, if it were not conjugated to the lipophilic component, would suppress TLR7 and/or TLR8 stimulation. In the presence of albumin, these conjugates significantly enhance adjuvant function, in particular the function of TLR7/8-mediated adjuvants such as an imidazoquinolinamine. The conjugates can be administered, along with an adjuvant compound, to a subject in order to cause and/or enhance an immune response (for instance, to an infectious agent or a cancer antigen) in the subject.

The present invention provides an oligodeoxynucleotide which comprises a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by formula (1):

5′X-CpG-L-CpG-TZ3′  (I) wherein X is T or C, L is a nucleotide sequence consisting of 1 to 7 bases, and Z is T or C, and consisting of 8 to 16 bases, and
a polydeoxyadenylic acid having a length capable of forming a complex with a β-1,3-glucan,
wherein the polydeoxyadenylic acid is linked to the 3′ side of the CpG oligodeoxynucleotide.

In addition, the present invention provides a complex containing said oligodeoxynucleotide and a β-1,3-glucan.

Compositions and methods for treating macrophage activation syndrome are provided.

The invention relates to a non-coding sequence of deoxyribonucleic acids comprising at least one sequence motif N.sup.1N.sup.2CGN.sup.3N.sup.4, wherein N is a nucleotide comprising A, C, T, or G, and C is deoxycytidine, G is deoxyguanosine, A is deoxyadenosine and T is deoxy-thymidine for the treatment of viral infections. In particular, the non-coding sequence of deoxyribonucleic acids is used in combination with antiretroviral therapy and/or histone de-acetylase inhibitors.

The disclosure is generally related to spherical nucleic acids (SNAs), structures comprising a nanoparticle core surrounded by a shell of oligonucleotides. In some aspects the disclosure provides a spherical nucleic acid (SNA) comprising: (a) a nanoparticle core; and (b) a shell of oligonucleotides attached to the nanoparticle core, wherein one or more oligonucleotides in the shell of oligonucleotides is attached to the nanoparticle core through a hydrophobic anchor comprising one or more dodecane (C12) subunits. Methods of making and using the SNAs are also provided herein.

The present invention generally relates to specific immune-modulatory RNA species that have a small hairpin structure (shRNA), and that can bind to retinoic acid inducible gene I receptor (RIG-I). In particular, said RNA species comprise a nucleotide insertion to create a kink in the stem region. Also encompassed are compositions comprising such shRNA, for use as antiviral or anticancer medication, or as adjuvants in vaccine.