The present invention includes methods for detecting cancer in a subject and measuring the effectiveness of a cancer treatment. In certain embodiments, the invention includes assessing the level of unshielded RN7SL1 RNA in a sample from a subject.

Disclosed herein are cells including pluripotent stem cells that conditionally express an immunosuppressive factor and related methods of their use and generation. In some embodiments, the cells disclosed do not express MHC I and MHC II human leukocyte antigens, and in some cases, also do not express one or more TCR complexes. In some embodiments, hypoimmunogenicity of the cells is controlled by activation of a controllable expression system upon contacting the cells with a specific factor or agent.

The present disclosure relates to immunogenic compositions comprising a varicella zoster vims (VZV) glycoprotein E antigen and a toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist, such as an oligonucleotide comprising an unmethylated cytidine-phospho-guanosine (CpG) motif. The immunogenic compositions are suitable for stimulating an immune response against VZV in an individual in need thereof.

The present disclosure relates, in general, to oligonucleotides that stimulate STING (STimulator of INterferon Genes) activity and increase activity of immune cells. The disclosed STING activators (STAVs) are useful in the treatment of cancer and other immune-mediated conditions.

The present invention provides RIG-I agonists. In certain embodiments, the agonists of the invention can be used to induce a type I interferon response in a cell.

A nucleotide is useful in preparation of drugs for preventing and treating allergic rhinitis and other diseases or in functional foods for relieving allergic rhinitis symptoms. The nucleotide is a mixture of five nucleotides, i.e., CMP, AMP, UMP, GMP and IMP, with a small molecular weight, rapid absorption into the human body and high bioavailability. The intake of nucleotide can play a role of treating allergic diseases by alleviating allergic rhinitis symptoms, relieving allergy-induced splenomegaly, significantly reducing histamine levels in serum and nasal lavage fluid, and effectively regulating inflammatory factors.

Provided are an immunomodulatory CpG ODN chemically modified by means of a structure as shown by general formula I and the use thereof. The CpG ODN has an immunostimulatory activity, can stimulate the proliferation of B cells, and produce specific cytokines. The above-mentioned CpG ODN can be used as a vaccine adjuvant alone or in combination with other adjuvants to exert a synergistic effect, and can also be used in the preparation of drugs for preventing or treating tumors, infections, and allergies.

The present invention relates to a novel use of regulatory T cell-specific surface protein Lrig-1, and more specifically to an immunosuppressive agent comprising siRNA which inhibits the expression of surface protein Lrig-1. In addition, the invention relates to a method for screening an immunosuppressive agent which inhibits proteins of Lrig-1 or genes encoding the proteins. As a result, an immunosuppressive agent with low side effects and high specificity can be developed.

Residual, refractory or relapsed cancer is treated by immunostimulation in the presence of allogeneic immune effector cells, optimally in combination with radiation therapy. The methods of the disclosure induce a systemic allogeneic anti-tumor immune response that results in tumor regression in untreated sites of disease, i.e. non-injected, non-irradiated, etc.

Embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of modulating a stress response in a eukaryotic organism against an environmental stress by introducing an RNA fragment (RF) or an antisense nucleotide to the eukaryotic organism. Thereafter, the RF or antisense nucleotide modulates the stress response against the environmental stress. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to the RFs and antisense nucleotides of the present disclosure. The RFs generally include: a sequence recognition site that contains a reverse complement sequence of a nucleotide sequence of the organism; and a stem loop structure with a paired region that includes paired RNA nucleotides, and an unpaired region that includes unpaired RNA nucleotides in the form of a loop. The antisense nucleotides may include a reverse complement sequence of the RFs.