A hydrogel capsule comprising a stem cell core that has been induced to differentiate into a hematopoietic lineage cell, and methods for the production of hematopoietic lineage cells from stem cells encapsulated in a hydrogel.

The invention provides culture platforms, cell media, and methods of differentiating pluriptent cells into hematopoietic cells. The invention further provides pluripotent stem cell-derived hematopoietic cells generated using the culture platforms and methods disclosed herein, which enable feed-free, monolayer culturing and in the absence of EB formation. Specifically, pluripotent stem cell-derived hematopoietic cell of this invention include, and not limited to, iHSC, definitive hemogenic endothelium, hematopoietic multipotent progenitors, T cell progenitors, NK cell progenitors, T cells, and NK cells.

The invention provides a bioactive substance composition, a serum-free medium comprising the composition and the uses thereof. The bioactive substance composition is used for serum-free medium and/or composition and the preparation thereof; The serum-free medium and/or composition can be used for primary culture and secondary culture of cells and/or tissues. The cells are selected from any one or more of tendon and/or ligament derived cells, chondrocytes, meniscus stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, skeleton stem cells, and muscle stem cells. The tissue is the musculoskeletal system tissue. The bioactive substance composition and/or serum-free medium and/or the composition can be used to prepare drugs for tissue and/or organ injury treatment; The tissue or organ injury is selected from the tissue or organ injury of the musculoskeletal system.

The method for producing a cell aggregate including glial progenitor cells according to the present invention comprises: (1) a step of subjecting pluripotent stem cells to suspension culture in an embryoid-body-forming culture medium containing one or more SMAD signaling inhibitors and one or more Wnt signaling activators in the absence of feeder cells for 5 days to 10 days, to form a cell aggregate; (2) a step of subjecting the cell aggregate obtained in (1) to suspension culture in an embryoid-body-forming culture medium containing retinoic acid; (3) a step of subjecting the cell aggregate obtained in (2) to suspension culture in an embryoid-body-forming culture medium or neuron-and-glia-proliferating culture medium containing retinoic acid and one or more SHH signaling activators; and (4) a step of subjecting the cell aggregate obtained in (3) to suspension culture in a neuron-and-glia-proliferating culture medium containing no retinoic acid and one or more SHH signaling activators.

Provided herein are novel organoid culture media, organoid culture systems, and methods of culturing tumor organoids using the subject organoid culture media. Also provided herein are tumor organoids developed using such organoid culture systems, methods for assessing the clonal diversity of the tumor organoids, and methods for using such tumor organoids, for example, for tumor modelling and drug development applications. In particular embodiments, the tumor organoid culture media provided herein is substantially free of R-spondins (e.g., R-spondin1).

Methods are provided for the efficient differentiation of hPSCs into HSC-like cells and endothelial cells in defined, monolayer conditions solely using extracellular signals to guide differentiation. The instant disclosure also provides methods of screening for cellular responses of the generated hematopoietic stem cells, endothelial cells and derivatives thereof. Treatment methods making use of the generated hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial cells are also provided. The instant disclosure also provides systems, compositions, and kits for practicing the methods of the disclosure.

A medium-based method for inducing specific differentiation of dental stem cells into dopaminergic neurons is provided. The method includes seeding the dental stem cells at a concentration of 5000 cells/cm.sup.2, following 24-hour incubation, introducing the cells into first part neurogenic induction medium and continuing the medium application for 4 days; subsequently, introducing the cells into the second part neurogenic induction medium and continuing the medium application for 2 days; and terminating the differentiation at the end of 6 days. The objective of the present invention is to develop cellular applications for use in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and medications related to the said diseases.

Cell culture media are provided herein as are methods of using the media for cell culture and protein production from cells.

Provided are a novel compound having CDK8 and/or CDK19 inhibitory activity, and a production method for Tregs. The treatment of T cells with a CDK8 and/or CDK19 inhibitor induces Foxp3 in the T cells. Foxp3.sup.+ T cells can be induced by treating Foxp3.sup.− T cells with the CDK8 and/or CDK19 inhibitor in vitro. Thus, Tregs can be induced.

The present invention relates to a method for inducing differentiation, into chondrocytes, of cord blood mononuclear cell-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. In a case where a chondrogenic pellet produced by the method of the present invention is transplanted into a cartilage damage area in vivo, regeneration of cartilage can be effectively exhibited by differentiated chondrocytes. In such a case, an effective cartilage regeneration capacity can be exhibited as compared with a case where chondrocytes produced by differentiation induction with the addition of a recombinant growth factor are transplanted. Thus, the present invention can be usefully used for tissue engineering therapies.