A method for preparing natural vanillin via biooxidation of 4-methylguaiacol comprises (1) activating a strain and preparing a seed culture; (2) fermenting; (3) bioconversion; (4) adsorbing and eluting; and (5) concentrating and crystallizing.

An expression system and process for the production of Diphtheria toxin polypeptides or mutated forms thereof, such as the toxoid CRM197 polypeptide, in genetically-modified E. coli with high yield is described. The system and process is based on the uncoupling of biomass growth from recombinant protein induction, i.e. using an inducer of protein production that cannot be used as a carbon source for growth by the bacteria. The use of specific components and conditions that improve protein yields are also described.

Provided are a composition and a method for promoting differentiation of neural stem cells into dopaminergic neurons, the composition including fusaric acid, ascorbic acid, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, or a combination thereof. The composition and method according to an aspect may not only increase differentiation of neural stem cells isolated at an early stage of development into dopaminergic neurons, but also increase differentiation of subcultured neural stem cells into dopaminergic neurons, and thus, it is possible to secure more dopaminergic neurons, and increase therapeutic effects on Parkinson's disease.

The present invention provides a process for the treatment of sewage sludge with enzymes, which process comprises treating a sewage sludge resulting from the treatment of municipal or industrial waste water with a composition comprising a fermentation supernatant product from a Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture and a non-ionic surfactant, wherein said fermentation supernatant product is free of active enzymes, at conditions suitable for generating said active enzymes from said sewage sludge in situ.

The present invention relates to a method to selectively produce metabolites from microalgae Galdieria sp. The method of the present invention comprises multiplying the biomass of the microalgae in mixotrophic and/or heterotrophic conditions with the presence of salts, separating the biomass, washing the biomass and inducing the production of metabolites, where the culture conditions of the metabolite production stage depend on the molecule that is desired to be obtained.

A medium supplement for high-yield culture of anaerobes is disclosed. The medium supplement includes N-acetylhexosamine, L-aspartic acid, L-cysteine and cobalamin. A culture medium including the supplement and a culture method using the culture medium are also disclosed. It is possible to provide an innovative method which is capable of achieving high-concentration culture of anaerobes that are difficult to culture in high yield. The method is cost-effective, and in particular, is capable of culturing large amounts of fastidious aerobes suitable for use in food and pharmaceutical applications.

The specification describes a composition comprising an improved eukaryotic cell culture medium, which can be used for the production of a protein of interest. Taurine can be added to the serum-free media or chemically-defined media to increase the production of a protein of interest. Methods for recombinantly expressing high levels of protein using the media compositions are included.

A medium supplement for high-yield culture of anaerobes is disclosed. The medium supplement includes N-acetylhexosamine, L-aspartic acid, L-cysteine and cobalamin. A culture medium including the supplement and a culture method using the culture medium are also disclosed. It is possible to provide an innovative method which is capable of achieving high-concentration culture of anaerobes that are difficult to culture in high yield. The method is cost-effective, and in particular, is capable of culturing large amounts of fastidious aerobes suitable for use in food and pharmaceutical applications.

Disclosed are a strain for producing nattokinase and a production method therefor. In particular, the present invention involves a novel strain capable of producing nattokinase, i.e. Bacillus subtilis natto ST-1086, deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center under CGMCC No. 17895. The present invention further involves a method for producing a nattokinase product by means of using the novel strain CGMCC No. 17895 of the present application, wherein the resulting nattokinase product can be used as a drug for dissolving thrombi. The present invention further involves the use of the nattokinase product of the present application for preparing a composition for dissolving thrombi and in a method for treating thrombi.

Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is considered a major supplement in culturing cells. Due to ethical issues, high costs, and batch-to-batch variations, designing an alternative to the FBS in cell culturing is important. A biological supplement including of microbiota-derived postbiotics (MD-PBs) obtained from a fermentation medium of beneficial microorganisms isolated from natural microbiota sources was formulated, processed, combined, and used as an alternative to the FBS in stimulating cell proliferation and growth. According to results obtained from different cell lines and primary cells, the MD-PBs and exopolysaccharides (EPSs) alone and/or Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and Sericin stimulated cell growth better than the FBS and, thus the MD-PBs and the EPSs alone and/or the BSA and Sericin are used as a possible alternative to the FBS in cell culture experiments and cultured meat technology.