The present invention relates to a composition for inducing browning, a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating metabolic diseases, and a food composition for alleviating metabolic diseases, all of the compositions containing milk exosomes. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for inducing the differentiation of white adipocytes into beige adipocytes or brown adipocytes by treatment with the milk exosomes, and a method for treating obesity or metabolic diseases by administering the milk exosomes.

The present document describes uses and methods of using a gem-difluorinated C-glycopeptide compound of general formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable base, addition salt with an acid, hydrate or solvate of the compound of general formula I for inhibition or prevention of immune rejection of an isolated graft contacted with said compound, prior to transplantation in a subject in need thereof.

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A method for generating a population of cardiomyocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in an integrated process. The method may comprise seeding the iPSCs on a modified surface of a modified cell culture substrate, culturing the seeded iPSCs on the modified surface of the modified cell culture substrate in an animal component-free culture medium, and differentiating the cultured iPSCs to the population of cardiomyocytes on the modified surface of the modified cell culture substrate. The modified cell culture substrate may comprise a patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate, a first coating comprising a plurality of polydopamine molecules, and a second coating comprising a plurality of Laminin 511 E8 Fragment (LME8) molecules.

The present invention aims to provide a method of sorting a skeletal muscle progenitor cell from a cell population containing the skeletal muscle progenitor cell. The above-mentioned problem is solved by providing a step of introducing miRNA-responsive mRNA into a cell population. The miRNA-responsive mRNA contains (i) a nucleic acid having a sequence specifically recognized by miRNA specifically expressed in a skeletal muscle progenitor cell, and (ii) a nucleic acid containing a sequence encoding a marker protein.

The invention provides for methods of differentiating pancreatic endocrine cells into pancreatic beta cells expressing PDX1, NKX6.1, MAFA, UCN3 and SLC2A. These pancreatic beta cells may be obtained by step-wise differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. The pancreatic beta cells exhibit glucose-dependent mitochondrial respiration and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion similar to islet cells.

The present invention is provides a method for treating human pluripotent cells. In particular, the methods of the invention are directed to the treatment of human pluripotent cells, whereby the human pluripotent cells can be efficiently expanded in culture and differentiated by treating the pluripotent cells with an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3B) enzyme activity.

Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of engineered cells, animal models, and uses thereof for modeling low grade glioma (LGG). An aspect of the present disclosure provides for a population of cells engineered to silence, downregulate, knock out, or reduce or knock down Cxcl10 expression. Another aspect of the present disclosure provides for an animal engineered to be deficient in Cxcl10, downregulate or reduce expression of Cxcl10, knock out Cxcl10, or knock down Cxcl10 (e.g., Cxcl10.sup.−/− mice). Yet another aspect of the present disclosure provides for a method of growing tumor cell lines or patient-derived xenografts for LGG tumors in an animal (e.g., mouse, rat) including providing a mouse or rat harboring somatic homozygous deletion in the Rag1 or Cxcl10 gene, and implanting an amount of the cells in mice sufficient to grow a tumor.

A borophosphate glass composition including B.sub.2O.sub.3, P.sub.2O.sub.5, and CaO, and optionally a source additive selected from: Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, K.sub.2O, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, ZnO, MgO, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3/FeO, CuO/Cu.sub.2O, and mixtures thereof, as defined herein. Also disclosed are bioactive compositions or substrates including the disclosed borophosphate glass composition, and at least one live cell. Also disclosed are methods of inhibiting or increasing the relative amount of species containing boron, phosphorous, or both, being released into an aqueous solution from aborophosphate glass composition defined herein. Also disclosed is a method of proliferating cells on a bioactive substrate as defined herein. Also disclosed are related glass compositions that exclude one of B.sub.2O.sub.3, P.sub.2O.sub.5, and CaO.

The present invention relates to a method for the generation of functional skeletal muscle fibers innervated by motoneurons, from pluripotent stem cells.

There is described herein a method of enriching a population of stem cells for hematopoietic progenitors. The method comprises inducing hematopoietic differentiation in a population of human embryonic stem cells or human induced pluripotent stem cells; sorting the population based on expression of CD43 and at least one of CD34, CD31 and CD144; and selecting a fraction that is at least one of CD34+CD43−, CD31+CD43− and CD144+CD43−. Also provided are populations of hematopoietic progenitors obtained by the methods described herein.