The present disclosure discloses a method for facilitating functions and characteristics of corneal endothelial cells, comprising the following steps of: separating and culturing human orbital adipose-derived stem cells, and extracting a conditioned culture medium; separating and culturing primary human corneal endothelial cells; adding the conditioned culture medium in a basal culture medium for the human corneal endothelial cells, and culturing and proliferating the human corneal endothelial cells. In the present disclosure, the human corneal endothelial cells cultured by the conditioned culture medium extracted from human orbital adipose-derived stem cells have high adherence and proliferation capacities. Human corneal endothelial cells cultured in vitro can be sub-cultured over 10 generations. The proliferation multiple is higher and the morphology and functions of the human corneal endothelial cells can be maintained. Experiments on animals have proved that the human corneal endothelial cells cultured in vitro have excellent cell repair effects.

An organoid production method includes culturing a human stem cell in a culture medium containing a cyclic peptide having an amino acid sequence set forth in Formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the cyclic peptide [in Formula (1), X.sup.1 to X.sup.6 each represent a specific modified amino acid, X.sup.7 represents any amino acid residue, R is absent or represents a C-terminal modification group, n is an integer of 0 or 1, PeG is N-(2-phenylethyl)-glycine, and Nal1 is ?-(1-naphthyl)-L-alanine].

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Disclosed are compositions of matter, cells, protocols and procedures useful for augmentation of one or more therapeutic activities of fibroblast cellular populations. In one embodiment fibroblasts are pretreated with growth factor-comprising composition(s), wherein the growth factor(s) may be cytokines, peptides, and/or proteins. In another embodiment fibroblasts are cultured with platelet rich plasma and/or derivatives from platelet rich plasma. In another embodiment, fibroblasts are cultured under hypoxic conditions prior to administration to an individual. The disclosure further provides means of assessment of fibroblast activity in vitro, including wound repair assay and cytokine production, for example.

The invention relates to placenta-derived matrix, methods of preparing, and methods of use thereof. The invention also relates to methods of culturing cells, delivering cells, promoting differentiation of stem cells or tissue-specific progenitor cells, and repairing, replacing, regenerating, filling, reducing or inhibiting scarring of defects using the same. The invention further relates to methods of coating placenta-derived matrix on a surface or injecting the placenta-derived matrix into a site of interest.

Disclosed herein are methods of producing pancreatic hormone-expressing cells by first differentiating pluripotent cells in cell culture so as to produce endodermal cells, the endodermal cells being competent to further differentiate into hormone-expressing cells capable of secreting at least one pancreatic hormone in response to a physiological signal, and then, transplanting the cultured endodermal cells into an organism, such as an organism in need of an endocrine cell therapy.

The technology relates in part to methods and compositions for ex vivo proliferation and expansion of epithelial cells.

An object of the present invention is to a new method of producing a kidney organoid. The method for producing a kidney organoid is characterized by comprising culturing an early kidney organoid with a medium containing an RXR agonist and a PPAR agonist, wherein the kidney organoid includes matured proximal tubule cells.

The present invention relates to the effect of ciprofloxacin of inducing stem cells into chondroprogenitor cells or differentiating stem cells into chondrocytes.

A pharmaceutical composition, chondroprogenitor cells, and chondrocytes according to the present invention may be used for preventing or treating cartilage-related diseases.

Provided is a method of preparing a three-dimensional cell spheroid, the method including forming the cell spheroid by co-culturing adipose-derived stem cells or mesenchymal stem cells with hepatocytes. According to the cell spheroid prepared by the method, the secretome secreted by the adipose-derived stem cells affects hepatocyte maturation, and therefore, hepatic functions of the finally formed three-dimensional cell spheroid, i.e., organoid, may be enhanced. Further, a composition including a culture medium of the adipose-derived stem cells may prevent or treat liver diseases including hepatitis, hepatotoxicity, cholestasis, fatty liver, etc., and may enhance hepatic functions.

The present invention provides methods of generating corneal endothelial cells, for example mature corneal endothelial cells, by increasing expression of a transcription factor in corneal endothelial progenitors, and compositions thereof.