Disclosed herein is a method for cultivating primary human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiC), which includes cultivating the primary HPAEpiC in a first medium containing a basal medium, a culture supplement, and a Rho kinase inhibitor, and a second medium containing the basal medium and the culture supplement in sequence. The culture supplement includes Jagged-1 (JAG-1) peptide, human Noggin protein, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) type I receptor inhibitor SB431542, human fibroblast growth factor 7 (hFGF-7), hFGF-10, and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) inhibitor CHIR99021. Also disclosed is a method for preparing a three-dimensional cell culture of alveolar epithelium using the first medium and the second medium.

Disclosed are methods for making a vascularized hollow organ derived from human intestinal organoid (HIOs). The HIOs may be obtained from human embryonic stem cells (ESC's) and/or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), such that the HIO forms mature intestinal tissue. Also disclosed are methods for making a human intestinal tissue containing a functional enteric nervous system (ENS).

Disclosed herein are cell cultures comprising dorsal and/or ventral PDX1-positive foregut endoderm cells and methods of producing the same. Also disclosed herein are cell populations comprising substantially purified dorsal and/or ventral PDX1-positive foregut endoderm cells as well as methods for enriching, isolating and purifying dorsal and/or ventral PDX1-positive foregut endoderm cells from other cell types. Methods of identifying differentiation factors capable of promoting the differentiation of dorsal and/or ventral PDX1-positive foregut endoderm cells, are also disclosed.

The invention is directed to methods for culturing cells so that the cells are induced to differentiate into cells that express a hepatic stellate phenotype. The invention is also directed to cells produced by the methods of the invention. The cells are useful, among other applications, for treatment of liver deficiencies, liver metabolism studies, and liver toxicity studies, fibrogenic studies, or to support hepatocyte function in co-culture setting.

The disclosure relates to methods, systems and compositions for use in the production of milk. More specifically, the disclosure is directed to systems, compositions and methods for in-vitro production of milk using an array of mammary organoids seeded on tertiary-branched, resilient duct scaffolding.

Disclosed herein are methods for obtaining endometrial stromal fibroblast cells from pluripotent stem cells, such as induced pluripotent stem cells. The present disclosure also provides methods of obtaining a three-dimensional, multilayered endometrial tissue composition. Methods of using the cells and tissue compositions in drug screening and therapeutic applications are also provided.

Human raphe nuclei organoids or spheroids (hRNS) are generated in vitro, which may be generated at least in part from human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells. Such spheroids model the human raphe nuclei and comprise specific sets of cells, e.g. serotonergic neurons, that are associated with the raphe nuclei of a human, and can be assembled with cortical spheroids (hCS) to generate functional human neuromodulatory circuits.

The present invention provides a method for producing dopaminergic neuron progenitor cells from pluripotent stem cells, which method comprises the steps of: (i) performing adherent culture of pluripotent stem cells on an extracellular matrix in a medium containing a reagent(s) selected from the group consisting of BMP inhibitor, TGFβ inhibitor, SHH signal-stimulating agent, FGF8, and GSK3β inhibitor; (ii) collecting Corin- and/or Lrtm1-positive cells from the cells obtained in Step (i) using a substance which binds to Corin and/or a substance which binds to Lrtm1; and (iii) performing suspension culture of the cells obtained in Step (ii) in a medium containing a neurotrophic factor.

Culture media capable of promoting differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or supporting expansion of MSCs is provided. Methods of differentiation of PSCs into MSCs are provided. Methods of expanding MSCs without differentiation are also provided.

A method is provided for producing a live cartilaginous material useful for implantation into a patient. A method of treating a patient comprising implanting a cartilaginous material prepared according to the provided method in an anatomical site in a patient also is provided.