The present invention relates to Natural Killer (“NK”) cells and uses thereof. In some embodiments NK cells are generated in vitro and used for adoptive transfer therapy. In some embodiments NK cells are generated in vivo to stimulate a patient's immune response.

The present invention provides a method for engineering B lymphocytes by utilizing activation-induced cytidine deaminase of the B lymphocyte. Thereby, use of engineered nucleases, such as Cas nuclease, can be avoided. Engineered B cells are useful to produce customized antibodies and for B cell therapy. Accordingly, the present invention also provides engineered B cells and customized antibodies produced by engineered B cells.

The described invention provides a tumor cell vaccine comprising genetically modified tumor cell line of a particular tumor type that stably expresses high levels of two or more immunomodulators. According to some embodiments, an immunogenic amount of the tumor cell line variants may be selected for concomitant expression of two or more of recombinant membrane expressed IgG1, CD40L, TNF-alpha, as well as membrane and soluble forms of GM-CSF, and Flt-3L peptides that are effective to elicit an anti-tumor immune response compared to the parent unmodified tumor cell line as measured in vitro by a one-way mixed lymphocyte tumor reaction assay using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the genetically modified allogeneic cell vaccine candidate. According to some embodiments, the tumor cell vaccine candidate will induce an immune response in the recipient cancer patient that cross reacts with the patient's own (autologous) tumor cells, the effects of which will be sufficient to result in enhanced anti-tumor immunity contributing to the increased survival of a vaccinated patient cohort compared to a matched unvaccinated patient cohort.

Herein is reported a co-cultivation system for co-cultivating a pool of rabbit B-cells or single deposited rabbit B-cells wherein cells CD40L expressing CHO cells are used as feeder in the presence of TL-2 and TL-21.

The present invention relates to methods and compositions for engineering B cells to express transgenic B cell receptor (BCR) for antigen-induced antibody secretion, compositions, methods and uses thereof in immunotherapy.

The present disclosure provides methods for monitoring inflammation in ALS and other related diseases. Therapeutic interventions based on the results of monitoring methods are also provided.

Provided herein are methods of generating T cells, e.g., cytotoxic T lymphocytes starting from peripheral blood mononuclear cells without a separate step of generating and isolating antigen-presenting cells, and with a single round of antigen stimulation. Also provided herein are methods of using said cytotoxic T lymphocytes, for example, to treat cancer and/or viral infection.

Provided herein are methods for expanding populations of regulatory B cells comprising treating a population of B cells with IL-4 and CD40 ligand. Further provided herein are methods of expanding populations of regulatory T cells comprising expanding a population of T cells under Treg expansion conditions and selecting for CD9.sup.+ Tregs. Also provided herein are methods of treating immune disorders with the regulatory B cells and/or regulatory T cells.

Methods of expanding tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the presence of an adenosine A2A receptor (A2aR) antagonist, such as vipadenant, CPI-444 (ciforadenant), SCH58261, SYN115, ZM241385, SCH420814, a xanthine superfamily A2aR antagonist, or related adenosine receptor 2A antagonist, and uses of expanded TILs in the treatment of diseases such as cancer are disclosed herein. In addition, therapeutic combinations of TILs and A2aR antagonists, including compositions and uses thereof in the treatment of diseases such as cancer are disclosed herein.

The present invention relates to a method for determining the potency of DCs, comprising the steps: stimulating dendritic cells by incubation with soluble CD40L and TLR7/8 agonist, measuring the secretion of the marker proteins IL-10 and IL-12 from the stimulated dendritic cells. Thereby it can be determined whether the dendritic cell have a high capability to activate T-cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells. The invention also encompasses a method for stimulating dendritic cells comprising the step of stimulating the dendritic cells with soluble CD40L and TLR7/8 agonist.