Provided herein are methods of producing natural killer (NK) cells and/or ILC3 cells using a three-stage expansion and differentiation method with media comprising stem cell mobilizing factors. Also provided herein are methods of suppressing tumor cell proliferation using the NK cells and/or ILC3 cells and the NK cell and/or ILC3 cell populations produced by the three-stage methods described herein, as well as methods of treating individuals having cancer or a viral infection, comprising administering the NK cells and/or ILC3 cells and the NK cell and/or ILC3 cell populations produced by the three-stage methods described herein to an individual having the cancer or viral infection.

The present invention discloses a hydrogel comprising a functionalized PEG multi-arm star polymer covalently combined with maleimide-functionalized low molecular weight heparin, further comprising at least one positively charged immune molecule, a method for producing this hydrogel and its use in T cell culture for immunotherapies. Furthermore, the invention relates to a bioink and its use in 3D-(bio)-printing.

A method for producing a three-dimensional cell structure having a vascular network, including preparing a mixture of a cationic substance, a polyelectrolyte, an extracellular matrix component, and a cell population including endothelial cells, collecting, from the mixture, a cell aggregate including the cell population, the cationic substance, the polyelectrolyte, and the extracellular matrix component, and culturing a collected cell aggregate in a medium. The mixture includes the extracellular matrix at a concentration of 1.0×10.sup.−8 mg/mL or more and less than 2.5×10.sup.−2 mg/mL.

A method of producing a conditioned medium for culturing a patient-derived cancer cell, including culturing, in a first medium for 24 hours or longer, a three-dimensional cell tissue including an extracellular matrix component, a polymer electrolyte, and a cell cluster including a fibroblast, and collecting the first medium in which the three-dimensional cell tissue has been cultured as the conditioned medium.

Compositions disclosed herein, and methods of use thereof included those for inhibiting or reducing the incidence of cytokine release syndrome or cytokine storm in a subject undergoing CAR T-cell therapy, methods of treating a cancer or tumor, methods of reducing tumor load, methods of reducing the size or growth rate of a cancer or a tumor, and methods of extending of the survival of a subject suffering from a cancer or tumor, wherein the subjects are administered compositions comprising apoptotic cells or apoptotic cell supernatants. Compositions and methods of use thereof may increase the efficacy of a CAR T-cell cancer therapy. Disclosed herein are also compositions and methods of use thereof for decreasing or inhibiting cytokine production in a subject experiencing cytokine release syndrome or cytokine storm. In certain instances compositions may include additional chemotherapeutic or immunomodulatory agents.

A borophosphate glass composition including B.sub.2O.sub.3, P.sub.2O.sub.5, and CaO, and optionally a source additive selected from: Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, K.sub.2O, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, ZnO, MgO, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3/FeO, CuO/Cu.sub.2O, and mixtures thereof, as defined herein. Also disclosed are bioactive compositions or substrates including the disclosed borophosphate glass composition, and at least one live cell. Also disclosed are methods of inhibiting or increasing the relative amount of species containing boron, phosphorous, or both, being released into an aqueous solution from aborophosphate glass composition defined herein. Also disclosed is a method of proliferating cells on a bioactive substrate as defined herein. Also disclosed are related glass compositions that exclude one of B.sub.2O.sub.3, P.sub.2O.sub.5, and CaO.

Provided herein are hydrogel cell matrices, hydrogel cell matrix systems for the support, growth, and differentiation of a stem cell or progenitor cell and methods for making such hydrogel cell matrices.

A method for making an at least double layered cell aggregate and/or an artificial blastocyst, and/or a further-developed blastoid termed blastoid, by forming a double layered cell aggregate from at least one trophoblast cell and at least one pluripotent and/or totipotent cell, and culturing the aggregate to obtain an artificial blastocyst having a trophectoderm-like tissue that surrounds a blastocoel and an inner cell mass-like tissue. The cell aggregate can be formed from toti- or pluripotent stem cell types, or induced pluripotent stem cell types, in combination with trophoblast stem cells. Formation of a blastoid can be achieved by culturing the cell aggregate in a medium preferably comprising one or more of a Rho/ROCK inhibitor, a Wnt pathway modulator, a PKA pathway modulator, a PKC pathway modulator, a MAPK pathway modulator, a STAT pathway modulator, an Akt pathway modulator, a Tgf pathway modulator and a Hippo pathway modulator. Also, a method for growing an at least double layered cell aggregate into an artificial blastocyst, and into a further-developed blastoid, a foetus or a live animal and an in vitro cell culture comprising the mentioned compounds and/or cell aggregates.

A method of generating neural stem cells or motor neurons is disclosed, the method comprising up-regulating a level of at least one exogenous miRNA and/or down-regulating at least one miRNA using an agent which hybridizes to the miRNA in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or down-regulating Related to testis-specific, vespid and pathogenesis protein 1 (RTVP-1).

A method of promoting spheroid formation, including: a preparation step of preparing a mixture obtained by mixing a cell sample with a promoter; and a culture step of culturing, inside a spheroid formation-culture vessel, the mixture obtained in the preparation step, in which the promoter is a polymer in which one or more selected from the group consisting of D-glucosamine, D-galactosamine, D-glucuronic acid, L-iduronic acid, and D-galactose are polymerized.