Provided herein are, inter alia, methods and compositions for treating, preventing, or reducing the risk of dysbiosis, inflammation, inflammatory diseases, childhood obesity, and premature birth. Included are methods and compositions for increasing or promoting healthy or normal immune system maturation. In aspects, provided herein are methods and compositions for detecting and isolating bacterial strains. Isolated bacterial strains and culture methods are also provided.

A conditioned medium of CD11b.sup.low macrophages and methods for preparing it are provided. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the CD11b.sup.low macrophages conditioned medium or a culture of CD11b.sup.low macrophages and their use in the treatment of cancer or fibrosis are also provided.

Disclosed are means, methods, and compositions of matter useful for enhancement of dendritic cell activity. In one embodiment the invention provides the use of GABA agonists such as homotaurine for stimulation of dendritic cell activity. In one embodiment said dendritic cell activity is enhancement of natural killer cell activity and/or of T cell activity. In one embodiment NK cell activity is ability to induce cytotoxicity in neoplastically transformed cells, whereas T cell activity is either cytokine production for CD4 cells or cytotoxicity for CD8 cells.

A method for coordinating the manufacturing of an expanded cell therapy product for a patient may include receiving a cell order request to expand the cell therapy product for the patient; generating a patient-specific identifier or cell order identifier associated with the cell order request; and initiating a process to expand the cell therapy product from at least some of a solid tumor obtained from the patient. If acceptance parameters for the expansion cell therapy product do not meet certain acceptance criteria at a second time point subsequent to a first time point in the expansion process, it is determined whether re-performing the expansion of the cell therapy product using the cell expansion technique is possible from the first time point based on the acceptance parameters at the second time point. If such re-performing the expansion is possible, patient treatment events that use the expanded cell therapy product are rescheduled.

The present disclosure is directed to systems, methods, and compositions for functional interaction of fibroblasts with one or more types of immune cells such that the interaction results in modification to the fibroblasts, the one or more types of immune cells, or both. In some embodiments, one or more certain agents are also utilized during the interaction or in lieu of one of the types of cells. In specific embodiments, cells to be used in cellular transplantation therapy are modified to have reduced immunogenicity.

The present disclosure discloses use of mesenchymal stem cells in preparation of a formulation for promoting fat transplantation, relating to the field of biotechnologies. The inventors found through research that compared with MSCs derived from somatic cells, MSCs derived from human pluripotent stem cells have more stable quality, are not affected by donor's physical quality, disease and treatment process, and can promote fat transplantation by enhancing tissue remodeling, angiogenesis and adipose cell survival and decreasing tissue fibrosis.

Populations of synthetic ABCB5+ stem cells, wherein greater than 96.8% of the population is an in vitro progeny of physiologically occurring skin-derived ABCB5− positive mesenchymal stem cells are provided. Also provided are methods of making the synthetic cells and methods of use thereof.

A method for obtaining a composition for tissue regeneration, providing M2-macrophages, co-culturing the M2-macrophages with tissue-specific cells in serum free medium; and collecting the supernatant of the co-culture. The compositions obtained by this method are suitable in medicine regenerative treatments, able to regenerate injured tissue. These products are sterile cell-free physiological aqueous solutions that show specific tissue concentration patterns to provide optimal tissue-specific regenerative effects. The compositions may be stored for long periods cryopreserved or lyophilized until its use, avoiding any subsequent blood extraction from the cell-donor, the stored growth factors and/or cytokines biologically active after long-term storage. Moreover, the compositions may be potentially applied in both autologous and allogenic treatments.

A method of culturing an allogeneic immune cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure efficiently amplifies and activates natural killer cells (NK cells), which are effective in treating malignant tumors, by culturing lymphocytes derived from the blood of healthy donors rather than patients to whom an immune cell therapeutic agent is to be administered.

The present invention relates to a method for inducing an immune response in a human or animal subject, as well as to a pharmaceutical composition for inducing an immune response, furthermore to a method for producing the pharmaceutical composition in vitro and the use of cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocytes activated to recognize an antigenic peptide in a pharmaceutical composition or in a method for inducing an immune response.