An in vitro skin equivalent includes at least one epidermis equivalent and at least one dermis equivalent, and further includes melanocytes constitutively producing melanin and fibroblasts.

The present disclosure provides a reprosome that can induce reprogramming of a cell, in which the reprosome is characterized by including RNA of a gene involved in chromatin remodeling, in which the gene includes a kinase gene on a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction system, and a gene having histone modification activity. The reprosome may be obtained from a stem cell difficult to process and/or from a readily obtainable somatic cell via a simple process including ultrasonic treatment. A reprogramming of one kind of a cell into another kind of a cell with a desired function can be achieved at a high efficiency in a short time via a simple treatment including a co-culturing between the reprosome and the cell. The cell thus obtained has the desired function without introduction of a chemical or foreign transcription factor into a genome and thus is more suitable for cell replacement therapies. Further, the present disclosure provides a composition including the reprosome and a method for regenerating a tissue by treating a body site with the composition to promote reprogramming of a cell present in the treated body site to a target cell having a desired function.

The present invention is drawn, in part, to biocompatible compositions comprising a biocompatible polymer matrix and conditioned cell medium comprising i) a cell culture medium and ii) one or more agents synthesized by and secreted from one or more cells cultured in the cell culture medium, as well as therapeutic uses thereof, particularly in modulating bone and/or gum tissue growth.

A method for decellularization of a skin tissue according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a step of preparing a skin tissue to be decellularized; a peeling preparation step of treating the skin tissue with a first solution containing trypsin; and a peeling step of removing subcutaneous fat from the skin tissue after the peeling preparation step.

Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.

A therapeutic serum suitable for inclusion in a cosmetic preparation may be produced by stressing a co-culture including proliferative cells. The co-culture of cells may be obtained by growing first culture to less than one-hundred percent confluence on a surface. After a monolayer of first culture is established, a second culture may be seeded onto at least one cell free area on the surface, the resulting co-culture grown to less than one-hundred percent confluence. Additional cultures may then be seeded onto cell free areas of the surface and established until a monolayer having the desired population of cells is obtained. The monolayer is then stressed to obtain a serum by conditioning a collection medium. The obtained serum may be combined with a suitable cosmetic base to provide a cosmetic preparation.

Methods for mimicking a tumor microenvironment in vitro are provided. The methods comprise indirectly applying a shear stress upon at least one tumor cell type plated on a surface within a cell culture container. Methods for mimicking tumor metastasis and methods for testing drugs or compounds in such systems are also provided.

Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.

Provided herein are implantable biomaterials for promoting regeneration of an injured biological tissue, the biomaterials including piezoelectric materials and an extracellular matrix specific to the injured biological tissue, wherein the piezoelectric materials and the extracellular matrix are electrospun together to provide tissue-specific bioactive piezoelectric nanofiber scaffolds. Also provided herein are methods of fabricating a tissue-specific bioactive piezoelectric nanofiber scaffold and methods of promoting regeneration of injured biological tissue by implanting the disclosed bioactive piezoelectric scaffolds.

Provided are methods for expanding tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which include co-culturing an initial cell population containing TILs with first feeder cells to obtain a first expanded cell population; and then co-culturing the first expanded cell population with second feeder cells to obtain an expanded TIL population. The methods can quickly produce a large number of TILs from a small tumor sample.