To provide a method of efficiently producing full thickness skin having skin accessory organs. [Solution] This method of producing full thickness skin having skin accessory organs is characterized by involving the following steps (a) to (d): (a) a step for stimulating an embryoid body with a physiologically active substance that can activate the Wnt pathway, (b) a step for preparing a conjugate that includes all or part of the embryoid body stimulated in step (a) and a scaffolding material, (c) a step for transplanting the conjugate prepared in step (b) into an animal, and (d) a step for producing, in the animal, full thickness skin derived from said conjugate.

A method of promoting spheroid formation, including: a preparation step of preparing a mixture obtained by mixing a cell sample with a promoter; and a culture step of culturing, inside a spheroid formation-culture vessel, the mixture obtained in the preparation step, in which the promoter is a polymer in which one or more selected from the group consisting of D-glucosamine, D-galactosamine, D-glucuronic acid, L-iduronic acid, and D-galactose are polymerized.

A therapeutic serum suitable for inclusion in a cosmetic preparation may be produced by stressing a co-culture including proliferative cells. The co-culture of cells may be obtained by growing first culture to less than one-hundred percent confluence on a surface. After a monolayer of first culture is established, a second culture may be seeded onto at least one cell free area on the surface, the resulting co-culture grown to less than one-hundred percent confluence. Additional cultures may then be seeded onto cell free areas of the surface and established until a monolayer having the desired population of cells is obtained. The monolayer is then stressed to obtain a serum by conditioning a collection medium. The obtained serum may be combined with a suitable cosmetic base to provide a cosmetic preparation.

The present disclosure provides a culture medium formulation comprising human serum that can enhance functions of primary human hepatocytes, improve morphology, promote bile canaliculi formation and extend hepatocyte functional lifetime in vitro for over 10 weeks as compared to 3-4 weeks when using a conventional culture medium containing serum from bovine sources. The provided long-term culture model can be used to screen drugs for their efficacious and/or toxic effects over several weeks, improve drug-transporter assays via the larger bile canaliculi network, and to model several chronic liver diseases such as hepatitis, type 2 diabetes, malaria, liver fibrosis, liver cancer, and fatty liver disease.

The present invention relates generally to compositions for wound closure. More specifically, the present invention provides human skin equivalents engineered to express exogenous polypeptides (e.g., antimicrobial polypeptides and keratinocyte growth factor 2) and compositions and methods for making human skin equivalents engineered to express exogenous polypeptides. In addition, the present invention provides methods for treatment of wounds with human skin equivalents engineered to express exogenous polypeptides.

Provided herein are methods for directing differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into a three-dimensional multilayered skin composition comprising an epidermal layer, a dermal layer, and a plurality of cells capable of forming a functional hair follicle. Also provided herein are three-dimensional, multilayered engineered skin compositions and methods of using the same for drug screening, for screening compounds for effects on hair growth, and for other applications.

An object of the present invention is induction of CD4-positive T cells from pluripotent stem cells. This object is achieved by production of CD4-positive T cells by introducing a CD4 gene or a gene product thereof into T cells induced from pluripotent stem cells.

The present invention relates to a method for culturing epidermis-derived stem cells comprising the step of culturing epidermis-derived stem cells in the presence of a three-dimensional extracellular matrix (3D-ECM) and a basal cell culture medium comprising: Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF); and/or a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF); and/or a Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF); and further a ROCK (Rho-kinase) inhibitor. The present invention further relates to a method for ex vivo de novo generation of epidermis-derived stem cells. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an epidermis-derived stem cell that is obtainable by a method according to the present invention. Uses of said epidermis-derived stem cell, e.g. uses of said epidermis-derived stem cell for in vitro tissue production, in vitro drug discovery screening and medical applications, are also provided herein. The present invention further relates to a cell culture medium that is employed in the context of a method of the present invention.

The invention relates to an ex vivo generated population of tissue-specific anti-inflammatory macrophages and methods of making and using such macrophages.

Disclosed are bioprinted, three-dimensional, biological skin tissues comprising: a dermal layer comprising dermal fibroblasts; and an epidermal layer comprising keratinocytes, the epidermal layer in contact with the dermal layer to form the three-dimensional, engineered, biological skin tissue. Also disclosed are arrays of engineered skin tissues and methods of making engineered skin tissues.