Disclosed are methods of assessing the ability of a candidate therapeutic agent to reverse, reduce or prevent intestinal injury by a potential toxic agent using a three-dimensional, engineered, bioprinted, biological intestinal tissue model. Also disclosed are methods of assessing the effect of an agent on intestinal function, the method comprising contacting the agent with a three-dimensional, engineered, bioprinted, biological intestinal tissue model.

An in vitro method of producing a population of muscle stem cells comprising co-culturing pluripotent stem cells, embryonic fibroblast cells and endothelial cells in 3D cell culture.

Disclosed are methods of assessing the ability of a candidate therapeutic agent to reverse, reduce or prevent intestinal injury by a potential toxic agent using a three-dimensional, engineered, bioprinted, biological intestinal tissue model. Also disclosed are methods of assessing the effect of an agent on intestinal function, the method comprising contacting the agent with a three-dimensional, engineered, bioprinted, biological intestinal tissue model.

Functional human cortico-spinal-muscle assembled spheroids are generated by in vitro culture. Complete cortico-spinal-muscle spheroids (hCS-hSC-hSkM) are assembled from component cultured cell systems, where each cultured cell system is designed to provide specific sets of neural and/or muscle cells, and which components are functionally integrated in the assembled spheroid.

Isolated cells of a mixed character, possessing a mesenchymal stem cell phenotype and a muscle cell phenotype, as well as extracellular vesicles secreted from same, pharmaceutical compositions comprising same, and methods of treatment comprising administering same, are provided. Further, methods of increasing engraftment of foreign cells by co-administering same are provided.

The present invention provides a composition having a metabolism-improving action, which comprises a supernatant of brown adipocytes or a purified product thereof. The present invention also provides a method of preparing the supernatant without using a culture solution comprising a high concentration of glucose. The present invention also provides a method of producing brown adipocytes using pluripotent stem cells, which are useful for preparing the supernatant of brown adipocytes. The present invention has succeeded in obtaining a supernatant having a metabolism-improving action from brown adipocytes. It was also possible to obtain the supernatant without using a culture solution comprising a high concentration of glucose. The present invention has also succeeded in producing brown adipocytes from pluripotent stem cells using a feeder-free culture system without adding a cytokine cocktail or the like. The brown adipocyte supernatant of the present invention is expected to be applied to the development of therapeutic agents and cosmetic products for glucose metabolism diseases.

The present invention relates to a method for generating neuronal and muscular cells from pluripotent stem cells.

The present disclosure relates to a method for differentiating motor neurons from tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and a cell therapy agent using the same. The differentiation method of the present disclosure exhibits high differentiation potency into motor neurons, and thus enables a large quantity of motor neurons to be secured. Since the cells which are differentiated according to the present disclosure are obtained using discarded tonsillar tissues, there are fewer ethical issues. In addition, the cells are highly applicable as a cell therapy agent because they can be obtained easily in large quantities.

Isolated cells of a mixed character, possessing a mesenchymal stem cell phenotype and a muscle cell phenotype, as well as extracellular vesicles secreted from same, pharmaceutical compositions comprising same, and methods of treatment comprising administering same, are provided. Further, methods of increasing engraftment of foreign cells by co-administering same are provided.

The present disclosure provides methods for generating myokines in vitro and compositions comprising myokines. Such compositions may be used for treatment of diseases such as cancer and fatty liver disease.