A method of differentiating cells can include: providing the in vitro OC device of one of the embodiments; introducing first human mesenchymal stem cell into the cartilage chamber; introducing a chondrogenic differentiation medium into the cartilage chamber with the first human mesenchymal stem cells; incubating the first human mesenchymal stem cells with the chondrogenic differentiation medium sufficiently to differentiate into at least one of chondrocyte cells, chondroblast cells, and/or chondroclast cells; incubating second human mesenchymal stem cells with osteogenic differentiation medium sufficiently to differentiate into at least one of osteoblast cells, osteoclast cells, and/or osteocyte cells; introducing the differentiated at least one of osteoblast cells, osteoclast cells, and/or osteocyte cells into the bone chamber; and introducing vascular endothelial cells into the vasculature chamber.

A high-selectivity activator capable of being used for OCT4 and downstream gene expression, a pharmaceutical composition thereof, and a preparation method therefor. The activator has the following formula:

##STR00001## wherein, A.sub.1, m1, m2, A.sub.2 and A.sub.3 are described in this paper.

Materials and methods for treating a patient with hemoglobinopathy, both ex vivo and in vivo and materials and methods for deleting at least a portion of a human beta globin locus on chromosome 11 in a human cell by genome editing and thereby increasing the production of fetal hemoglobin (HbF).

The present invention relates to a composition for treating a spinal cord injury and provides a composition for treating a spinal cord injury comprising, as an active ingredient, stem cells treated with a particular compound and then cultured.

Provided are a culture scaffold for promoting stem cell differentiation comprising a multilayer graphene film, a method of regulating growth and differentiation of a stem cell using the culture scaffold, and a method of preparing the culture scaffold, where the culture scaffold is capable of promoting the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells as a result of laminating a graphene film without comprising an additional substance, and it may be variously applicable to application fields of stem cells in/outside the body.

Compositions and methods of transplanting cells by grafting strategies into solid organs (especially internal organs) are provided. These methods and compositions can be used to repair diseased organs or to establish models of disease states in experimental hosts. The method involves attachment onto the surface of a tissue or organ, a patch graft, a bandaid-like covering, containing epithelial cells with supporting early lineage stage mesenchymal cells. The cells are incorporated into soft gel-forming biomaterials prepared under serum-free, defined conditions comprised of nutrients, lipids, vitamins, and regulatory signals that collectively support stemness of the donor cells. The graft is covered with a biodegradable, biocompatible, bioresorbable backing used to affix the graft to the target site. The cells in the graft migrate into and throughout the tissue such that within a couple of weeks they are uniformly dispersed within the recipient (host) tissue. The mechanisms by which engraftment and integration of donor cells into the organ or tissue involve multiple membrane-associated and secreted forms of MMPs.

The present disclosure belongs to the field of biological medicines, and relates to an inducer for inducing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into estradiol-secreting cells. The inducer for inducing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into estradiol-secreting cells uses human mesenchymal stem cell serum-free culture medium as a substrate and comprises the following components in mass concentration ratios: 20-60 mg/L of bone morphogenetic protein-4, 20-60 mg/L of bone morphogenetic protein-7, 2-8 mg/L of retinoic acid, 2-8 mg/L of resveratrol, 2-8 mg/L of icariin, 2-8 g/L of benzamide, 2-8 g/L of chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate, 2-8 g/L of ethanolamine, 2-10 g/L of erythropoietin and 2-10 g/L of vascular endothelial growth factor. The inducer for inducing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into estradiol-secreting cells provided by the present disclosure has a high induction efficiency.

The present invention relates to stem cells derived from a multi-layered cellular structure or blastocyst structure, compositions comprising the same, and methods for obtaining the same.

Disclosed herein are methods and materials for transdifferentiating mesenchymal stem cells into neural progenitor cells.

The present invention relates to a composition for treating a spinal cord injury and provides a composition for treating a spinal cord injury comprising, as an active ingredient, stem cells treated with a particular compound and then cultured.