Compositions comprising a condensed mesenchymal cell body and a hydrogel are provided. The compositions may further include drugs or growth factors. The condensed mesenchymal cell body may include a connective tissue cell, or even a progenitor cell capable of producing connective tissue extracellular matrices such collagen and glycosaminoglycan. Also provided are methods of treating connective tissue defects, cartilage injury, and cartilage degradation.

Provided is a resin film formed of a cell culture scaffold material, which has excellent fixation of cells after seeding and is capable of enhancing proliferation rate of cells. A resin film formed of a cell culture scaffold material, in which the cell culture scaffold material contains a synthetic resin, and the resin film has phase-separated structure including least a first phase and a second phase, and a ratio of the surface area of one of the first phase and the second phase to the entire surface is 0.01 or more and 0.95 or less.

A cell scaffold material comprising a copolymer having a polylactic acid structural unit (A) and a polycarbonate structural unit (B). The polycarbonate structural unit (B) may include at least one unit having an alkoxyalkyloxycarbonyl group as a substituent. Also provided is a cell culture support comprising this cell scaffold material and a substrate.

A cell sheet for transplantation into a living body, containing MSCs having an average cell density of 3.0×10.sup.4 cells/cm.sup.2 or less on the surface of the sheet is provided. A method for producing a cell sheet for transplantation into a living body, including: a step of seeding MSCs on a cell culture carrier having a three-dimensional structure formed of fibers at a cell number of 3.0×10.sup.5 cells/cm.sup.2 or less; and a step of culturing the MSCs and thereby preparing a cell sheet containing the MSCs having an average cell density of 3.0×10.sup.4 cells/cm.sup.2 or less is also provided.

A packed-bed bioreactor system for culturing cells is provided, the system including a cell culture vessel having at least one interior reservoir, an inlet fluidly connected to the reservoir, and an outlet fluidly connected to the reservoir; and a cell culture matrix disposed in the reservoir. The cell culture matrix includes a structurally defined multi-layered substrate for adhering cells thereto, and each layer of the multi-layered substrate has a physical structure and a porosity that are substantially regular and uniform.

A non-fibrous film of which the composition includes a collagen and a polyester polymer is provided. A content of the polyester polymer in the non-fibrous film is 1-60 wt %. Moreover, the non-fibrous film has a swelling rate of 1-200 μm/hour or a swelling proportion per unit time of 0.1-2%/hour in an aqueous liquid.

The present disclosure provides a substrate for cell culture. Systems comprising the substrate, and methods for using and manufacturing the substrate are also disclosed herein.

A cell culture article, including: a substrate comprising a polygalacturonic acid compound selected from at least one of: pectic acid; partially esterified pectic acid having a degree of esterification from 1 to 40 mol %, or salts thereof; and an adhesion polymer on the surface of the polygalacturonic acid compound. A method of making and using the article are also disclosed.

Embodiments of systems, methods, and compositions provided herein relate to hollow beads encapsulating single cells. Some embodiments include performing multiple co-assays on a single cell encapsulated within a hollow bead, including nucleic acid sequencing, preparing nucleic acid libraries, determining methylation status, identifying genomic variants, or protein analysis.

A scaffold material for cell culture having excellent cell colonization is provided. A scaffold material for cell culture according to the present invention includes a synthetic resin having a main chain and a graft chain, wherein the graft chain has a polydentate hydrogen-bonding group represented by the following formula (1) in a side chain: *—R-(A.sub.i).sub.n (1) wherein R represents a group having 50 or less carbon atoms, A.sub.i represents an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfone group, an imino group, or a thiol group, i represents a natural number, n represents an integer of two or more and four or less, and * represents a bonding position with another atom constituting the graft chain; and A.sub.i may be identical or different from each other.