Provided herein is a method for stabilising a single stranded RNA (ssRNA) by encapsidation of the ssRNA with a tobamovirus coat protein to obtain a pseudovirion (PsV), the method comprising expressing a tobamovirus coat protein and the ssRNA comprising a tobamovirus encapsidation origin (OriA), wherein the expressed tobamovirus coat protein interacts with the OriA sequence on the ssRNA to initiate encapsidation of the ssRNA by the tobamovirus coat protein, thereby forming a pseudovirion. The PsVs produced according to the method can be used as a diagnostic control composition, where the ssRNA is a sequence detected by a molecular diagnostic assay. The pseudovirions may also be used as a vaccine to elicit an immune response in a subject, and in pharmaceutical compositions to be administered to a subject.

The present disclosure provides an isolated or purified Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) or Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) S1 protein, and methods of use thereof.

Provided herein is a recombinant rod-shaped viral particle comprising a fusion protein comprising a coat protein for a rod-shaped plant virus and a epitope from a human and/or human pathogen, where the epitope is disposed on the outer surface of the viral particle. In certain cases, the amino acid sequence of the coat protein is at least 40% identical to the amino acid sequence of the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) coat protein.

The present invention provides multimeric protein complex comprising three polypeptides each comprising N- to C-terminally: (i) a receptor-binding domain (RBD) of an S1 subunit of an S protein of a coronavirus, (ii) optionally a S2 subunit of an S protein of a coronavirus; and (iii) a multimerization domain comprising a collagen-like region (CLR) of ficolin-2, wherein the multimerization domain enables the assembly of the polypeptides into a multimeric protein complex. The present invention further provides polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides of the multimeric protein complex, expression vectors, pharmaceutical compositions and uses of the multimeric protein complexes, such as a vaccine.

The present invention relates to an information provision method for examining active immunity. The present invention comprises (a) preparing a plurality of biological samples; (b) preparing a first reagent containing a vaccine antigen against SARS-CoV-2 or a protein antigen expressed by the vaccine, and a second reagent containing a protein derived from SARS-CoV-2 other than the antigen contained in the first reagent; c) preparing a plurality of mixed samples by mixing the biological samples with the reagents; d) preparing a plurality of detection reagents including a conjugate containing a signal generating means and an anti-interferon gamma antibody; (e) preparing a plurality of analyte samples by adding the detection reagent to the mixed sample; and (f) loading the analyte samples into a plurality of lateral flow cartridges and measuring signals from the cartridges using a signal detector.

Hybrid reverse transcriptases formed from portions of FLVRT and MLVRT are provided.

The present disclosure provides an isolated or purified Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) or Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) S1 protein, and methods of use thereof.

The present invention provides a new species of tobamovirus and its use to identify plants comprising resistance against the virus.

Herein, is describe a new technology that exploits modified-virus-like particles (VLP) to improve deliverability and increase effectiveness of dsRNAs/chemicals/peptides to difficult-to-control phytophagous insect pests, including hemipteran and lepidopteran insects. This technology has also the potential to control plant pathogens including fungi, like Asian Soybean Rust (ASR).

The invention relates to vectors based on a virus from the order Mononegavirales, and in particular a rabies virus. More specifically, it relates to a rabies virus vector which, having transfected a target cell, is switchable between replication-competent and replication-incompetent forms. Amongst other applications, the invention avoids the cytotoxicity associated with current vectors based on rabies virus.