This invention relates to the production of RNA by co-expressing a tRNA ligase and a chimeric RNA molecule comprising a target RNA and a plant viroid scaffold, such as Eggplant latent viroid, in a host cell. This co-expression causes the production of large amounts of the chimeric RNA molecule in the host cells and may be useful for example in the production of RNA aptamers and other RNA molecules.

The invention provides compositions and methods for manufacturing adoptive cell therapies. In particular embodiments, the invention provides methods of harvesting populations of cells, isolating and activating PBMCs, expanding T cells, and administering the T cell therapeutic to a subject in need thereof.

The invention provides compositions and methods for manufacturing adoptive cell therapies. In particular embodiments, the invention provides methods of harvesting populations of cells, isolating and activating PBMCs, expanding T cells, and administering the T cell therapeutic to a subject in need thereof.

The invention provides hybrid and recombinant phagemid vectors for expressing a transgene in a target cell transduced with the vector. A recombinant phagemid particle comprises at least one transgene expression cassette which encodes an agent which exerts a biological effect on the target cell, characterised in that the phagemid particle comprises a genome which lacks at least 50% of its bacteriophage genome. The invention extends to the use of such phagemid expression systems as a research tool, and for the delivery of transgenes in a variety of gene therapy applications, DNA and/or peptide vaccine delivery and imaging techniques. The invention extends to in vitro, in vivo or in situ methods for producing viral vectors, such as recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV) or lentivirus vectors (rLV), and to genetic constructs used in such methods.

The invention provides compositions and methods for manufacturing adoptive cell therapies. In particular embodiments, the invention provides methods of harvesting populations of cells, isolating and activating PBMCs, expanding T cells, and administering the T cell therapeutic to a subject in need thereof.

Disclosed herein are methods for delivery of a nucleic acid to a subject for treatment of a disease, comprising administering a modified adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector that contains a therapeutic transgene comprising the nucleic acid in expressible form, further comprising a modified AAV2 capsid protein, comprising amino acid substitutions that introduce a galactose binding site from donor AAV9 capsid protein into the modified AAV2 capsid protein. Various diseases for treatment, such as kidney disease and liver disease, are disclosed. Various routes of administration are also disclosed.