The present invention relates to the conversion of a carbon source into acetyl phosphate with increased carbon yield. In particular, the invention provides metabolically engineered micro-organisms capable of producing acetyl phosphate from a carbon source with increased carbon yield, which micro-organisms have been transformed with at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding a phosphoketolase having sedoheptulose-7-phosphate phosphoketolase activity and which are further genetically modified to have eliminated transketolase activity. The invention also provides methods for the production of chemicals using said micro-organisms.

The present invention relates to the conversion of a carbon source into acetyl phosphate with increased carbon yield. In particular, the invention provides metabolically engineered micro-organisms capable of producing acetyl phosphate from a carbon source with increased carbon yield, which micro-organisms have been transformed with at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding a phosphoketolase having sedoheptulose-7-phosphate phosphoketolase activity and which are further genetically modified to have eliminated transketolase activity. The invention also provides methods for the production of chemicals using said micro-organisms.

Protein-rich nutrient supplements and animal feed supplements derived from an anaerobic bacterial process are generated through a myriad of cell rupturing and protein fractionation/purification processes. Bacterial fermentation systems and methods of obtaining one or more protein-containing portions from a fermentation process using carbon monoxide-containing gaseous substrates are provided. The invention further provides compositions of protein-rich nutrient supplements with useful applications for intake by a variety of different animals and humans.

An integrated process and system for the production of at least one gas fermentation product from a gaseous stream has been developed. The disclosure provides improved carbon utilization through both the recycle of a bioreactor tail gas via various different flow schemes and the employment of a CO.sub.2 to CO conversion system such as a reverse water gas shift unit. Recycling of the bioreactor tail gas and employment of a CO.sub.2 to CO conversion process provides for favourable H.sub.2:CO molar ratios of the feed to the gas fermentation bioreactor(s) for enhanced production of fermentation products. Bypass embodiments provide for optimal sizing of the reverse water gas shift unit to minimize cost.

A foodstuff can include a free acid β-hydroxybutyrate, and a base. The β-hydroxybutyrate, and base, are present at a less than 1:1 molar equivalence. Ketone Ester may also be incorporated as a component of the foodstuff.

A foodstuff can include a free acid β-hydroxybutyrate, and a base. The β-hydroxybutyrate, and base, are present at a less than 1:1 molar equivalence. Ketone Ester may also be incorporated as a component of the foodstuff.

A method for producing a fermentate including the steps of obtaining a fruit or vegetable extract, treating the extract with a hydrolytic enzyme, mixing the extract with a fermenting microorganism, water, and a growth media to produce a liquid composition; and incubating the liquid composition at a controlled temperature and a controlled pH to produce a fermentate. A method for killing or inhibiting the growth of a contaminating microorganism on or within a food product, and a food product including a fermentate having a cellular mass component from a fermenting microorganism, a fermented fruit or vegetable extract and a hydrolytic enzyme are disclosed. A fermentate produced by any one of the methods described is contemplated. The fermentate may be a concentrated liquid or a dry powder and has the ability to inhibit the growth of a contaminating microorganism by 100% when diluted to less than 5% (w/v).

A method for producing a fermentate including the steps of obtaining a fruit or vegetable extract, treating the extract with a hydrolytic enzyme, mixing the extract with a fermenting microorganism, water, and a growth media to produce a liquid composition; and incubating the liquid composition at a controlled temperature and a controlled pH to produce a fermentate. A method for killing or inhibiting the growth of a contaminating microorganism on or within a food product, and a food product including a fermentate having a cellular mass component from a fermenting microorganism, a fermented fruit or vegetable extract and a hydrolytic enzyme are disclosed. A fermentate produced by any one of the methods described is contemplated. The fermentate may be a concentrated liquid or a dry powder and has the ability to inhibit the growth of a contaminating microorganism by 100% when diluted to less than 5% (w/v).

A strain that efficiently produces butyric acid and a method for producing butyric acid using the strain. Clostridium beijerinckii SIID27451-B11 strain (Accession No. NITE BP-02951), produces more butyric acid and less lactic acid and acetic acid in a culture solution after anaerobically culturing the strain at 37° C. for 72 hours, compared with Clostridium beijerinckii NBRC 109359T, which is a type strain of Clostridium beijerinckii.

A strain that efficiently produces butyric acid and a method for producing butyric acid using the strain. Clostridium beijerinckii SIID27451-B11 strain (Accession No. NITE BP-02951), produces more butyric acid and less lactic acid and acetic acid in a culture solution after anaerobically culturing the strain at 37° C. for 72 hours, compared with Clostridium beijerinckii NBRC 109359T, which is a type strain of Clostridium beijerinckii.