The present invention provides various combinations of genetic modifications to a transformed host cell that provide increase conversion of carbon to a chemical product. The present invention also provides methods of fermentation and methods of making various chemical products.

The present invention provides various combinations of genetic modifications to a transformed host cell that provide increase conversion of carbon to a chemical product. The present invention also provides methods of fermentation and methods of making various chemical products.

Provided herein are methods for processing biomass materials that are disposed in one or more structures or carriers, e.g., a bag, a shell, a net, a membrane, a mesh or any combination of these. Containing the material in this manner allows it to be readily added or removed at any point and in any sequence during processing.

Provided herein are methods for processing biomass materials that are disposed in one or more structures or carriers, e.g., a bag, a shell, a net, a membrane, a mesh or any combination of these. Containing the material in this manner allows it to be readily added or removed at any point and in any sequence during processing.

The present invention relates to a method of producing at least one alkane, the method comprising, producing at least one carboxylic acid from a carbon source using a genetically modified microorganism, and performing Kolbe electrolysis on the carboxylic acid to produce the alkane, wherein the alkane comprises at least 6 carbon atoms and the carboxylic acid comprises at least 4 carbon atoms and wherein the carbon source is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, hexanoate and combinations thereof and the microorganism is capable of producing the carboxylic acid using ethanol-carboxylate fermentation.

The present invention relates to a method of producing at least one alkane, the method comprising, producing at least one carboxylic acid from a carbon source using a genetically modified microorganism, and performing Kolbe electrolysis on the carboxylic acid to produce the alkane, wherein the alkane comprises at least 6 carbon atoms and the carboxylic acid comprises at least 4 carbon atoms and wherein the carbon source is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, hexanoate and combinations thereof and the microorganism is capable of producing the carboxylic acid using ethanol-carboxylate fermentation.

The subject of the present invention is a process for synthesizing bifunctional hydrocarbon-based compounds from biomass, comprising a step of fermentation of the biomass and a step of oxidation of the intermediate compounds resulting from the fermentation step.

The subject of the present invention is a process for synthesizing bifunctional hydrocarbon-based compounds from biomass, comprising a step of fermentation of the biomass and a step of oxidation of the intermediate compounds resulting from the fermentation step.

A method including reacting carboxylic acids obtained from fermentation and a carboxylic acid recovery step from said fermentation to produce short- or medium-chain triglycerides, wherein the reacting carboxylic acids comprises direct esterification with glycerol in the presence of a catalyst. Such method mentioned above wherein the produced short- or medium-chain triglycerides are further interesterified with an oil, butter, fat or other lipids in the presence of a catalyst to produce structured lipids. Yet another method comprising reacting carboxylic acids obtained from fermentation and a carboxylic acid recovery step from said fermentation to produce structured lipids, wherein reacting the carboxylic acids comprises transesterification with an oil, butter, fat or other lipids in the presence of a catalyst. The use of such short-chain triglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides and structured lipids as nutritional additives, dietary supplements, or both.

The present invention provides a method of reducing and controlling a hazardous substance in a process of high-value biological conversion of an urban organic waste. The method includes: 1) mixing a sludge, a first urban organic waste and an organic acid with water for acclimation to obtain an acclimatized sludge; 2) stage 1 of biological conversion: mixing the acclimatized sludge with a second urban organic waste to perform anaerobic culture; 3) stage 2 of biological conversion: adding nitrate and bacteria to continue anaerobic culture so as to obtain an organic acid. In the present invention, sludge microbes are acclimatized and then added to high-value chemicals such as acetic acid, propanoic acid and lactic acid prepared in biological conversion of the urban organic waste and then added with bacteria. Thus, by controlling pH value, microbe addition amount and nitrate concentration, the unfavorable effect of the antibiotics and heavy metal ions.