The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microbial biocatalyst including a microbial organism having a 4-hydroxybutanoic acid (4-HB) biosynthetic pathway having at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding 4-hydroxybutanoate dehydrogenase, succinyl-CoA synthetase, CoA-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, or α-ketoglutarate decarboxylase, wherein the exogenous nucleic acid is expressed in sufficient amounts to produce monomeric 4-hydroxybutanoic acid (4-HB). Also provided is a non-naturally occurring microbial biocatalyst including a microbial organism having 4-hydroxybutanoic acid (4-HB) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) biosynthetic pathways, the pathways include at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding 4-hydroxybutanoate dehydrogenase, succinyl-CoA synthetase, CoA-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, 4-hydroxybutyrate:CoA transferase, 4-butyrate kinase, phosphotransbutyrylase, α-ketoglutarate decarboxylase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase or an aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase, wherein the exogenous nucleic acid is expressed in sufficient amounts to produce 1,4-butanediol (BDO). Additionally provided are methods for the production of 4-HB and BDO.

The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microbial biocatalyst including a microbial organism having a 4-hydroxybutanoic acid (4-HB) biosynthetic pathway having at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding 4-hydroxybutanoate dehydrogenase, succinyl-CoA synthetase, CoA-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, or α-ketoglutarate decarboxylase, wherein the exogenous nucleic acid is expressed in sufficient amounts to produce monomeric 4-hydroxybutanoic acid (4-HB). Also provided is a non-naturally occurring microbial biocatalyst including a microbial organism having 4-hydroxybutanoic acid (4-HB) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) biosynthetic pathways, the pathways include at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding 4-hydroxybutanoate dehydrogenase, succinyl-CoA synthetase, CoA-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, 4-hydroxybutyrate:CoA transferase, 4-butyrate kinase, phosphotransbutyrylase, α-ketoglutarate decarboxylase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase or an aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase, wherein the exogenous nucleic acid is expressed in sufficient amounts to produce 1,4-butanediol (BDO). Additionally provided are methods for the production of 4-HB and BDO.

The present invention relates to the field of biotransformation of furanic compounds. More particular the present invention relates to novel genetically modified cells with improved characteristics for biocatalytic transformation of furanic compounds and a vector suitable for the genetic modification of a host cell. Further aspects of the invention are aimed at processes for biotransformation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carboxylic acid (HMF-acid) and its precursors with the use of the cell according to the invention.

The present invention relates to the field of biotransformation of furanic compounds. More particular the present invention relates to novel genetically modified cells with improved characteristics for biocatalytic transformation of furanic compounds and a vector suitable for the genetic modification of a host cell. Further aspects of the invention are aimed at processes for biotransformation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carboxylic acid (HMF-acid) and its precursors with the use of the cell according to the invention.

Facile methods for high-yield furfural and HMF production from biomass sugars are described. The methods generally involve converting the biomass sugars in high yield to their ketose isomers, resulting in furan production under low temperature and pressure conditions with efficient recycling of the process streams.

Facile methods for high-yield furfural and HMF production from biomass sugars are described. The methods generally involve converting the biomass sugars in high yield to their ketose isomers, resulting in furan production under low temperature and pressure conditions with efficient recycling of the process streams.

The invention relates to recombinant microorganisms and methods for producing manoyl oxide.

The invention relates to recombinant microorganisms and methods for producing manoyl oxide.

The present invention relates to novel mono- and diesters of 2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran, processes for their preparation by esterification in the presence of tertiary amines or in the presence of enzymatic esterification catalysts and the use of these mono- and diesters as interface-active compounds, rheology modifiers and emollients. The invention further relates to cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, and to detergents, cleaners and dishwashing compositions which comprise these mono- and diesters of 2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

The present invention relates to novel mono- and diesters of 2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran, processes for their preparation by esterification in the presence of tertiary amines or in the presence of enzymatic esterification catalysts and the use of these mono- and diesters as interface-active compounds, rheology modifiers and emollients. The invention further relates to cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, and to detergents, cleaners and dishwashing compositions which comprise these mono- and diesters of 2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran.