An apparatus for gene amplification includes a gene amplification chip including a well configured to accept a sample that is loaded into the well; the gene amplification chip being configured to: thermally dissolve the sample in the well so that a microbe present in the sample is thermally dissolved in the well to release genes in the microbe; and amplify the released genes in the well. The apparatus for gene amplification also includes a temperature controller configured to control a thermal dissolution temperature and a gene amplification temperature of the well.

An apparatus for gene amplification includes a gene amplification chip including a well configured to accept a sample that is loaded into the well; the gene amplification chip being configured to: thermally dissolve the sample in the well so that a microbe present in the sample is thermally dissolved in the well to release genes in the microbe; and amplify the released genes in the well. The apparatus for gene amplification also includes a temperature controller configured to control a thermal dissolution temperature and a gene amplification temperature of the well.

Disclosed is a method of performing a non-isothermal nucleic acid amplification reaction, wherein the temperature at which the method is performed is non-isothermal and subject to a reduction of at least 2° C. during amplification process steps. The present invention provides an improved nucleic acid amplification technique having one or more advantages over existing techniques including, for example, decreased reaction time, increased yield, and decreased non-specific amplification products.

The disclosed invention is related to a universal strand-specific protocol for the sequencing preparation of all classes of RNA. The protocol allows for sequencing for dozens to more than thousands of samples simultaneously. Specifically, the disclosed invention is a method for parallel sequencing target RNA from samples from multiple sources while maintaining source identification. The method includes providing samples of RNA comprising target RNA from two or more sources; labeling, at the 3′ end, the RNA from the two or more sources with a first nucleic acid adaptor that comprises a nucleic acid sequence that differentiates between the RNA from the two or more sources; reverse transcribing the two or more sources to create a single stranded DNA comprising the nucleic acid sequence that differentiates between the RNA from the two or more sources; amplifying the single stranded DNA to create DNA amplification products that comprise the nucleic acid sequence that differentiates between the RNA from the two or more sources; sequencing the DNA amplification products thereby parallel sequencing target RNA from samples from multiple sources while maintaining source identification.

The present invention relates to methods and kits for detecting in a sample the presence of a virus particle or a virus-like particle that has reverse transcriptase activity and methods for preparing a retroviral contaminant-free substance. An aspect of the present invention is a method for detecting the presence of a virus particle in a sample of a Virus-like Particle (VLP) drug substance comprising a step of performing PCR-based reverse transcriptase (PBRT) on a sample of the VLP drug substance that has been treated with a protease.

The present invention relates to methods and kits for detecting in a sample the presence of a virus particle or a virus-like particle that has reverse transcriptase activity and methods for preparing a retroviral contaminant-free substance. An aspect of the present invention is a method for detecting the presence of a virus particle in a sample of a Virus-like Particle (VLP) drug substance comprising a step of performing PCR-based reverse transcriptase (PBRT) on a sample of the VLP drug substance that has been treated with a protease.

The present invention relates to a detection method for detecting a target RNA contained in a sample with high sensitivity by using nicking/extension chain reaction system-based isothermal nucleic acid amplification (NESBA) that uses activity of a cleavage enzyme and a DNA polymerase. The NESBA of the present invention is a new concept isothermal target RNA detection method that realizes higher amplification efficiency than the existing NASBA technology and is deemed to be utilizable as a new concept diagnosis technology that can replace conventional target RNA detection technologies.

The present invention relates to a detection method for detecting a target RNA contained in a sample with high sensitivity by using nicking/extension chain reaction system-based isothermal nucleic acid amplification (NESBA) that uses activity of a cleavage enzyme and a DNA polymerase. The NESBA of the present invention is a new concept isothermal target RNA detection method that realizes higher amplification efficiency than the existing NASBA technology and is deemed to be utilizable as a new concept diagnosis technology that can replace conventional target RNA detection technologies.

Improved compositions and methods for using modified non-retroviral reverse transcriptase to perform 3′ extension of a nucleic acid, employ non-templated deoxynucleotide addition to a single-stranded nucleic acid and/or synthesis of complementary DNA using non-complementary nucleic acids as primer and template (RNA- or DNA-templated DNA polymerase activity.

Improved compositions and methods for using modified non-retroviral reverse transcriptase to perform 3′ extension of a nucleic acid, employ non-templated deoxynucleotide addition to a single-stranded nucleic acid and/or synthesis of complementary DNA using non-complementary nucleic acids as primer and template (RNA- or DNA-templated DNA polymerase activity.