Techniques regarding screening for mutations using nanoscale deterministic arrays are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a method, which can comprise cleaving a deoxyribonucleic acid segment hybridized with a molecular probe to form a sample fluid. The cleaving can occur at a first end and a second end of the molecular probe. Also, the cleaving can comprise a cleaving agent that targets base pair mismatches. The method can also comprise supplying the sample fluid to a nanoscale deterministic lateral displacement array to screen for a single nucleotide polymorphism.

Embodiments relate to methods and compositions useful for routing and tracking multiple mobile units within a microfluidic device. Mobile units may be routed through a plurality of chemical environments, and the mobile units may be tracked to determine the path and/or environments that the mobile units have routed through. Mobile units may be routed in accordance with a predetermined algorithm. Mobile units may be routed through microfluidic devices in ordered flow. Mobile units routed through the microfluidic device can be used to perform various chemical reactions uniquely associated to the units, including without limitation peptide synthesis, enzymatic gene synthesis and gene assembly.

Embodiments relate to methods and compositions useful for routing and tracking multiple mobile units within a microfluidic device. Mobile units may be routed through a plurality of chemical environments, and the mobile units may be tracked to determine the path and/or environments that the mobile units have routed through. Mobile units may be routed in accordance with a predetermined algorithm. Mobile units may be routed through microfluidic devices in ordered flow. Mobile units routed through the microfluidic device can be used to perform various chemical reactions uniquely associated to the units, including without limitation peptide synthesis, enzymatic gene synthesis and gene assembly.

In a method for generating an elongated nucleic acid molecule, a nucleic acid addition of a first nucleic acid molecule attached to a first 3′ or 5′ protecting group to a nucleic acid immobilized on a surface produces an intermediate-length immobilized nucleic acid. The first protecting group is dissociated from the first nucleic acid molecule. A second nucleic acid molecule that is attached to a second associated a 3′ or 5′ associated protecting group is added to the intermediate-length nucleic acid. The second associated protecting group is dissociated from the second nucleic acid molecule. A sequentially-extended elongated immobilized nucleic acid molecule having a desired sequence and length is produced by sequentially extending the intermediate-length immobilized nucleic acid by adding additional nucleic acid molecules with associated protecting groups to the intermediate-length nucleic acid and dissociating the associated protecting group after each addition.

In a method for generating an elongated nucleic acid molecule, a nucleic acid addition of a first nucleic acid molecule attached to a first 3′ or 5′ protecting group to a nucleic acid immobilized on a surface produces an intermediate-length immobilized nucleic acid. The first protecting group is dissociated from the first nucleic acid molecule. A second nucleic acid molecule that is attached to a second associated a 3′ or 5′ associated protecting group is added to the intermediate-length nucleic acid. The second associated protecting group is dissociated from the second nucleic acid molecule. A sequentially-extended elongated immobilized nucleic acid molecule having a desired sequence and length is produced by sequentially extending the intermediate-length immobilized nucleic acid by adding additional nucleic acid molecules with associated protecting groups to the intermediate-length nucleic acid and dissociating the associated protecting group after each addition.

The present disclosure provides methods and kits for highly multiplex single primer extensions using a MutS protein and Mg.sup.2+ at a concentration higher than that in a typical PCR reaction. Also disclosed is the use of such methods and kits in next generation sequencing.

The present disclosure provides methods and kits for highly multiplex single primer extensions using a MutS protein and Mg.sup.2+ at a concentration higher than that in a typical PCR reaction. Also disclosed is the use of such methods and kits in next generation sequencing.

Disclosed are methods for synthesizing and/or assembling at least one polynucleotide product having a predefined sequence from a plurality of different oligonucleotides. In exemplary embodiments, the methods involve synthesis and/or amplification of different oligonucleotides immobilized on a solid support, release of synthesized/amplified oligonucleotides in solution to form droplets, recognition and removal of error-containing oligonucleotides, moving or combining two droplets to allow hybridization and/or ligation between two different oligonucleotides, and further chain extension reaction following hybridization and/or ligation to hierarchically generate desired length of polynucleotide products.

Disclosed are methods for synthesizing and/or assembling at least one polynucleotide product having a predefined sequence from a plurality of different oligonucleotides. In exemplary embodiments, the methods involve synthesis and/or amplification of different oligonucleotides immobilized on a solid support, release of synthesized/amplified oligonucleotides in solution to form droplets, recognition and removal of error-containing oligonucleotides, moving or combining two droplets to allow hybridization and/or ligation between two different oligonucleotides, and further chain extension reaction following hybridization and/or ligation to hierarchically generate desired length of polynucleotide products.

Disclosed are methods for synthesizing and/or assembling at least one polynucleotide product having a predefined sequence from a plurality of different oligonucleotides. In exemplary embodiments, the methods involve synthesis and/or amplification of different oligonucleotides immobilized on a solid support, release of synthesized/amplified oligonucleotides in solution to form droplets, recognition and removal of error-containing oligonucleotides, moving or combining two droplets to allow hybridization and/or ligation between two different oligonucleotides, and further chain extension reaction following hybridization and/or ligation to hierarchically generate desired length of polynucleotide products.