The present invention provides a method for easily and exponentially amplifying circular DNA, particularly long chain circular DNA, in a cell-free system. Specifically, the present invention provides a method for amplifying circular DNA in which circular DNA having a replication origin sequence (origin of chromosome (oriC)) is mixed with a reaction solution containing the following enzyme groups to form a reaction mixture, which is then reacted under an isothermal condition, the enzyme groups being: (1) a first enzyme group that catalyzes replication of circular DNA; (2) a second enzyme group that catalyzes an Okazaki fragment maturation and synthesizes two sister circular DNAs constituting a catenane; and (3) a third enzyme group that catalyzes a separation of two sister circular DNAs.

The present invention relates to a method for mimicking the effects of ionizing radiations on cells, wherein cells are contacted with a topoisomerase inhibitor.

The present invention provides labeled circular plasmid DNA molecules for studying DNA topology and topoisomerases. The molecules of the present invention also provide tools for high throughput drug screening for inhibitors of DNA gyrases and DNA topoisomerases for anticancer drug discovery and antibiotics discovery.

The present invention provides labeled circular plasmid DNA molecules for studying DNA topology and topoisomerases. The molecules of the present invention also provide tools for high throughput drug screening for inhibitors of DNA gyrases and DNA topoisomerases for anticancer drug discovery and antibiotics discovery.

The present invention provides labeled circular plasmid DNA molecules for studying DNA topology and topoisomerases. The molecules of the present invention also provide tools for high throughput drug screening for inhibitors of DNA gyrases and DNA topoisomerases for anticancer drug discovery and antibiotics discovery.

The present invention provides labeled circular plasmid DNA molecules for studying DNA topology and topoisomerases. The molecules of the present invention also provide tools for high throughput drug screening for inhibitors of DNA gyrases and DNA topoisomerases for anticancer drug discovery and antibiotics discovery.

The present invention provides for methods, reagents, apparatuses, and systems for the replication or amplification of nucleic acid molecules from biological samples. In one embodiment of the invention, the nucleic molecules are isolated from the sample, and subjected to fragmenting and joining using ligating agents of one or more hairpin structures to each end of the fragmented nucleic molecules to form one or more dumbbell templates. The one or more dumbbell templates are contacted with at least one substantially complementary primer attached to a substrate, and subjected to rolling circle replication or rolling circle amplification. The resulting replicated dumbbell templates or amplified dumbbell templates are used in numerous genomic applications, including whole genome de novo sequencing; sequence variant detection, structural variant detection, determining the phase of molecular haplotypes, molecular counting for aneuploidy detection; targeted sequencing of gene panels, whole exome, or chromosomal regions for sequence variant detection, structural variant detection, determining the phase of molecular haplotypes and/or molecular counting for aneuploidy detection; study of nucleic acid-nucleic acid binding interactions, nucleic acid-protein binding interactions, and nucleic acid molecule expression arrays; and testing of the effects of small molecule inhibitors or activators or nucleic acid therapeutics.

The present invention provides labeled circular plasmid DNA molecules for studying DNA topology and topoisomerases. The molecules of the present invention also provide tools for high throughput drug screening for inhibitors of DNA gyrases and DNA topoisomerases for anticancer drug discovery and antibiotics discovery.

The present invention provides labeled circular plasmid DNA molecules for studying DNA topology and topoisomerases. The molecules of the present invention also provide tools for high throughput drug screening for inhibitors of DNA gyrases and DNA topoisomerases for anticancer drug discovery and antibiotics discovery.

Provided is a method capable of simply and exponentially amplifying circular DNA, and particularly, long-chain circular DNA, in a cell-free system. Specifically, provided herein is a method for amplifying circular DNA which comprises mixing circular DNA having a replication origin sequence (origin of chromosome (oriC)) with a reaction solution comprising: a first enzyme group that catalyzes replication of circular DNA; a second enzyme group that catalyzes an Okazaki fragment maturation and synthesizes two sister circular DNAs constituting a catenane; a third enzyme group that catalyzes a separation of two sister circular DNAs; and also, a buffer, NTP, dNTP, a magnesium ion source, and an alkali metal ion source, to form a reaction mixture, which is then reacted.