Focused acoustic treatment of samples including a target biomolecule, such as cfDNA, may aid in the recovery of the biomolecule from a sample. cfDNA in a sample, whether chemically stabilized or not, may be linked or otherwise bound to histones or other proteins, e.g., by hydrogen bonds of histones or chaperone proteins to DNA and/or covalent crosslinks of such proteins to the DNA. Focused acoustic energy may remove or disrupt such links, aiding in isolation of the cfDNA from the sample.

Focused acoustic treatment of samples including a target biomolecule, such as cfDNA, may aid in the recovery of the biomolecule from a sample. cfDNA in a sample, whether chemically stabilized or not, may be linked or otherwise bound to histones or other proteins, e.g., by hydrogen bonds of histones or chaperone proteins to DNA and/or covalent crosslinks of such proteins to the DNA. Focused acoustic energy may remove or disrupt such links, aiding in isolation of the cfDNA from the sample.

A preparation method for in-situ hybridization probes as follows: fragmenting objective DNAs, recovering 150-600 bp fragments, and after an enzyme modification, ligating, at intervals, the fragments with DNA adaptors containing restriction enzyme site sequences to large DNA loops and long chains; obtaining and labeling a large amount of DNAs in step A or B: A. isothermal amplifying, adding a single nucleotide substrate with a marker when amplifying, to obtain a DNA product with a marker; or B. isothermal amplifying, doping a single nucleotide substrate with a marker to the obtained product with a nick translation or random primer method, to obtain a DNA product with a marker; and digesting the DNA product with the marker by using corresponding restriction enzyme, to obtain in-situ hybridization probes with lengths of 150-600 bp. The method of the present invention accurately controls length range of the probes, reduces production cost, and improves product quality.

A preparation method for in-situ hybridization probes as follows: fragmenting objective DNAs, recovering 150-600 bp fragments, and after an enzyme modification, ligating, at intervals, the fragments with DNA adaptors containing restriction enzyme site sequences to large DNA loops and long chains; obtaining and labeling a large amount of DNAs in step A or B: A. isothermal amplifying, adding a single nucleotide substrate with a marker when amplifying, to obtain a DNA product with a marker; or B. isothermal amplifying, doping a single nucleotide substrate with a marker to the obtained product with a nick translation or random primer method, to obtain a DNA product with a marker; and digesting the DNA product with the marker by using corresponding restriction enzyme, to obtain in-situ hybridization probes with lengths of 150-600 bp. The method of the present invention accurately controls length range of the probes, reduces production cost, and improves product quality.

Disclosed herein are a sonic homogenizing module (100, 200, 300) and a biological sample preparation system (500) containing the same. The sonic homogenizing module (100, 200, 300) comprises a rod made of a magnetic material (120, 220, 320); a piezoelectric conductor (130, 230,330); a driver (140, 340); and a sleeve-coupling member (110, 210, 310) having a first portion defining a space (112, 212, 312) for coupling with a gripper module of a biological sample preparation system, and for accommodating the piezoelectric conductor and the driver therein; and a second portion having a conduit (114, 214, 314) for receiving the rod therethrough; wherein the driver (140, 340) is electrically coupled with the piezoelectric conductor (130, 230,330) and is configured to drive the piezoelectric conductor (130, 230, 330) to generate a sonic vibration at a frequency of 100 KHz-1 MHz.

Disclosed herein are a sonic homogenizing module (100, 200, 300) and a biological sample preparation system (500) containing the same. The sonic homogenizing module (100, 200, 300) comprises a rod made of a magnetic material (120, 220, 320); a piezoelectric conductor (130, 230,330); a driver (140, 340); and a sleeve-coupling member (110, 210, 310) having a first portion defining a space (112, 212, 312) for coupling with a gripper module of a biological sample preparation system, and for accommodating the piezoelectric conductor and the driver therein; and a second portion having a conduit (114, 214, 314) for receiving the rod therethrough; wherein the driver (140, 340) is electrically coupled with the piezoelectric conductor (130, 230,330) and is configured to drive the piezoelectric conductor (130, 230, 330) to generate a sonic vibration at a frequency of 100 KHz-1 MHz.

Methodologies to detect off-target mutations induced by the deaminase activity of Base Editing technology.

Methodologies to detect off-target mutations induced by the deaminase activity of Base Editing technology.

Methods of extracting DNA from soil involve lysing microbial cells contained within the soil by mixing it with an extraction buffer containing cetrimonium bromide (cTAB). The cTAB helps reduce or eliminate high levels of humic acid often present within the soil, which interferes with processes including PCR. Methods further involve binding DNA lysed from the microbial cells and then bound to a silica substrate, washing non-DNA debris from the silica substrate, eluting the DNA from the substrate, and eluting the isolated DNA in an elution buffer. Example methods may involve extracting microbial DNA from a plurality of soil samples. Such methods involve adding soil samples into separate wells within a multi-well plate, lysing microbial cells within the samples using an extraction buffer, binding the microbial DNA released from the cells to silica particles, washing non-DNA debris from the silica particles, and separating the DNA from the silica particles.

Methods of extracting DNA from soil involve lysing microbial cells contained within the soil by mixing it with an extraction buffer containing cetrimonium bromide (cTAB). The cTAB helps reduce or eliminate high levels of humic acid often present within the soil, which interferes with processes including PCR. Methods further involve binding DNA lysed from the microbial cells and then bound to a silica substrate, washing non-DNA debris from the silica substrate, eluting the DNA from the substrate, and eluting the isolated DNA in an elution buffer. Example methods may involve extracting microbial DNA from a plurality of soil samples. Such methods involve adding soil samples into separate wells within a multi-well plate, lysing microbial cells within the samples using an extraction buffer, binding the microbial DNA released from the cells to silica particles, washing non-DNA debris from the silica particles, and separating the DNA from the silica particles.