The present invention provides novel methods for exponential amplification of labeled nucleic acids with high sensitivity and specificity. In one aspect, the invention includes a method for exponentially amplifying the signal of a fluorescently labeled primary click-amplifying FISH (clampFISH) probe. In another aspect, the invention includes a method for labeling a target nucleic acid in a sample. In yet another aspect, the invention includes a method for detecting a fluorescently labeled target nucleic acid in a sample. The present invention also provides a kit for use with the methods of the invention.

The present disclosure provides a low cost, high sensitivity, high specificity and rapid diagnostic apparatus and method to detect nucleic acids in a sample at room temperature. As low as tens of copies of nucleic acids can be detected without any additional equipment.

The present disclosure provides a low cost, high sensitivity, high specificity and rapid diagnostic apparatus and method to detect nucleic acids in a sample at room temperature. As low as tens of copies of nucleic acids can be detected without any additional equipment.

Some embodiments described herein relate to new polymer coatings for surface functionalization and new processes for grafting pre-grafted DNA-copolymers to surface(s) of substrates for use in DNA sequencing and other diagnostic applications.

The present invention relates to extraction of a signal for a target nucleic acid sequence from signals for two target nucleic acid sequences in a sample. The present invention can contribute to dramatic improvement in methods for detecting target nucleic acid sequences using different detection temperatures and reference values. The present invention using an amended reference value as well as an initial reference value can lead to increasing the detection accuracy in methods for detecting target nucleic acid sequences using different detection temperatures and reference values.

The present invention is directed to methods for reducing cross-reactivity between species employed in multiplexed immunoassays.

The present invention is directed to methods for reducing cross-reactivity between species employed in multiplexed immunoassays.

The present invention is directed to methods for reducing cross-reactivity between species employed in multiplexed immunoassays.

The present invention is directed to methods for reducing cross-reactivity between species employed in multiplexed immunoassays.

Some embodiments described herein relate to new polymer coatings for surface functionalization and new processes for grafting pre-grafted DNA-copolymers to surface(s) of substrates for use in DNA sequencing and other diagnostic applications.