Compositions, systems, and methods for the display of analytes such as biomolecules are described. Display of analytes is achieved by coupling of the analytes to displaying molecules that are configured to associate with surfaces or interfaces. Arrays of analytes may be formed from the described systems for utilization in assays and other methods.

Compositions, systems, and methods for the display of analytes such as biomolecules are described. Display of analytes is achieved by coupling of the analytes to displaying molecules that are configured to associate with surfaces or interfaces. Arrays of analytes may be formed from the described systems for utilization in assays and other methods.

An example of an array includes a support including a plurality of discrete wells, a gel material positioned in each of the discrete wells, a sequencing primer grafted to the gel material, and a non-sequencing entity grafted to the gel material. Each of the sequencing primer and the non-sequencing entity is in its as-grafted form.

An example of an array includes a support including a plurality of discrete wells, a gel material positioned in each of the discrete wells, a sequencing primer grafted to the gel material, and a non-sequencing entity grafted to the gel material. Each of the sequencing primer and the non-sequencing entity is in its as-grafted form.

The present invention provides assays and assay systems for use in spatially encoded biological assays. The invention provides an assay system comprising an assay capable of high levels of multiplexing where reagents are provided to a biological sample in defined spatial patterns; instrumentation capable of controlled delivery of reagents according to the spatial patterns; and a decoding scheme providing a readout that is digital in nature.

The present invention provides assays and assay systems for use in spatially encoded biological assays. The invention provides an assay system comprising an assay capable of high levels of multiplexing where reagents are provided to a biological sample in defined spatial patterns; instrumentation capable of controlled delivery of reagents according to the spatial patterns; and a decoding scheme providing a readout that is digital in nature.

The present disclosure provides methods and assay systems for use in spatially encoded biological assays, including assays to determine a spatial pattern of abundance, expression, and/or activity of one or more biological targets across multiple sites in a sample. In particular, the biological targets comprise proteins, and the methods and assay systems do not depend on imaging techniques for the spatial information of the targets. The present disclosure provides methods and assay systems capable of high levels of multiplexing where reagents are provided to a biological sample in order to address tag the sites to which reagents are delivered; instrumentation capable of controlled delivery of reagents; and a decoding scheme providing a readout that is digital in nature.

The present disclosure provides methods and assay systems for use in spatially encoded biological assays, including assays to determine a spatial pattern of abundance, expression, and/or activity of one or more biological targets across multiple sites in a sample. In particular, the biological targets comprise proteins, and the methods and assay systems do not depend on imaging techniques for the spatial information of the targets. The present disclosure provides methods and assay systems capable of high levels of multiplexing where reagents are provided to a biological sample in order to address tag the sites to which reagents are delivered; instrumentation capable of controlled delivery of reagents; and a decoding scheme providing a readout that is digital in nature.

A heterologous DNA barcoding method is provided. The method includes (a) providing a DNA microarray having DNA oligonucleotide spots, which are distinguished from each other by their barcode sequences, (b) providing a microwell array having microwells whose spatial arrangement corresponds to that of the DNA spots on the DNA microarray, (c) loading a solution of samples containing target nucleic acid sequences into the microwells, (d) assembling the DNA microarray to the microwell array to form micro reaction spaces in which the DNA spots are spatially separated by the microwells, (e) allowing the oligonucleotide sequences of the DNA spots to react with the target nucleic acid sequences of the samples in the micro reaction spaces to combine the sequence information of the DNA spots with the sequence information of the samples, and (f) separating the DNA microarray and the microwell array from each other to obtain reaction products including the barcode sequences.

A heterologous DNA barcoding method is provided. The method includes (a) providing a DNA microarray having DNA oligonucleotide spots, which are distinguished from each other by their barcode sequences, (b) providing a microwell array having microwells whose spatial arrangement corresponds to that of the DNA spots on the DNA microarray, (c) loading a solution of samples containing target nucleic acid sequences into the microwells, (d) assembling the DNA microarray to the microwell array to form micro reaction spaces in which the DNA spots are spatially separated by the microwells, (e) allowing the oligonucleotide sequences of the DNA spots to react with the target nucleic acid sequences of the samples in the micro reaction spaces to combine the sequence information of the DNA spots with the sequence information of the samples, and (f) separating the DNA microarray and the microwell array from each other to obtain reaction products including the barcode sequences.