Enantiomeric pairs of molecular wires comprised of oligomeric nucleic acids, wherein the oligomers of each wire possess identical nucleobase pair sequences and thus identical conductivity as between wires, are constructed and used to sense biological or chemical entities of interest at the cellular or molecular level. The oligomeric molecular wires conduct voltage inputs to sensing subsystem integrated circuitry, either from an electrostatic potential arising from a targeting agent (i.e., a capture agent) binding to an intended biological or chemical target molecule, or from an electrostatic potential associated with a reference molecule that has non-specific interactions with the environment. The chirality of the oligomers imparts selectivity to either the targeting agent or the reference molecule during assembly of the sensing subsystem.

An authentication assay using embedded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) taggants includes a substrate and a sample of an authenticity label collected from a product. The substrate has a plurality of assay locations, each of which includes a reporter oligonucleotide bound to the substrate. The reporter oligonucleotide includes a first region with a single-stranded toehold sequence, a second region with a universal sequence, and a third region with a unique sequence, the second and third regions being prehybridized with a complementary strand. The sample includes at least one fluorophore-labeled DNA taggant complementary to the first and second regions of the reporter oligonucleotide. Incubation of the substrate with the sample results in a toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement reaction that exchanges the complementary strand for the fluorophore-labeled DNA taggant. Excitation of the fluorophore molecule attached to the DNA taggant produces a pattern of light emitted at one or more assay locations.

An authentication assay using embedded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) taggants includes a substrate and a sample of an authenticity label collected from a product. The substrate has a plurality of assay locations, each of which includes a reporter oligonucleotide bound to the substrate. The reporter oligonucleotide includes a first region with a single-stranded toehold sequence, a second region with a universal sequence, and a third region with a unique sequence, the second and third regions being prehybridized with a complementary strand. The sample includes at least one fluorophore-labeled DNA taggant complementary to the first and second regions of the reporter oligonucleotide. Incubation of the substrate with the sample results in a toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement reaction that exchanges the complementary strand for the fluorophore-labeled DNA taggant. Excitation of the fluorophore molecule attached to the DNA taggant produces a pattern of light emitted at one or more assay locations.

The invention relates to methods for pairwise sequencing of a polynucleotide template which result in the sequential determination of nucleotide sequence in two distinct and separate regions of the polynucleotide template.

The invention relates to methods for pairwise sequencing of a polynucleotide template which result in the sequential determination of nucleotide sequence in two distinct and separate regions of the polynucleotide template.

The invention provides methods for analyzing polynucleotides using nanopores that allow passage of single stranded polynucleotides but not double stranded polynucleotides. In accordance with some embodiments, a double-stranded product is produced that comprises a labeled strand with a single stranded tail or overhang. The double stranded product is exposed to one or more nanopores in the presence of an electric field across the one or more nanopores such that the single stranded tail may be captured and the labeled strand translocated by unzipping from the double stranded product. The ionic composition of the reaction mixture and electric field strength are selected so that nucleotides translocate a nanopore at a rate of less than 1000 nucleotides per second.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a library of template polynucleotides and use thereof in methods of solid-phase nucleic acid amplification. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for preparing a library of template polynucleotides that have common sequences at their 5′ ends and at their 3′ ends.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a library of template polynucleotides and use thereof in methods of solid-phase nucleic acid amplification. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for preparing a library of template polynucleotides that have common sequences at their 5′ ends and at their 3′ ends.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a library of template polynucleotides and use thereof in methods of solid-phase nucleic acid amplification. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for preparing a library of template polynucleotides that have common sequences at their 5′ ends and at their 3′ ends.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a library of template polynucleotides and use thereof in methods of solid-phase nucleic acid amplification. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for preparing a library of template polynucleotides that have common sequences at their 5′ ends and at their 3′ ends.