Microorganisms and microbial production methods for the biosynthesis of ester compounds are provided. Useful examples employ microorganisms that have been genetically modified to express alcohol acyltransferases, either from other species or that have been modified to increase their activity in catalyzing the esterification of alcohols. Additional useful examples employ microorganisms that have been genetically modified to express lipases, either from other species or that have been modified to increase their activity in catalyzing the esterification of organic acids. Additional modifications are presented that significantly increase ester production.

Rapid, animal protein free, chromatographic processes and systems for obtaining high potency, high yield botulinum neurotoxin for research, therapeutic and cosmetic use.

Compositions containing live cultures of 11 separately isolated bacterial strains (the bacterial consortium containing all 11 strains designated GUT-108) are provided for treating conditions of systemic inflammation including, to name a few, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity, and aging-related conditions of chronic inflammation. In a mouse model of chronic immune-mediated colitis, therapeutic application of GUT-108 reversed the established inflammation in the cecum. In addition, the treatment with GUT-108 unexpectedly resulted in restoration of a healthy gut microbiome in the mice containing an abundance of beneficial Clostridium strains not part of GUT-108, and a decrease in abundance of the applied pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae bacteria from 5% to below 0.5%. An eight-fold decrease in the levels of pathogenic Clostridium perfringens was also observed after treatment with GUT-108, indicating the efficacy of GUT-108 in treating inflammation caused by pathogenic species of the Enterobacteriaceae or pathogenic species of Clostridium.

Rapid, animal protein free, chromatographic processes and systems for obtaining high potency, high yield botulinum neurotoxin for research, therapeutic and cosmetic use.

The present disclosure relates to compounds, compositions and supplements that are capable of treating obesity. The disclosure further relates to methods of treating obesity in a subject in need thereof.

Rapid, animal protein free, chromatographic processes and systems for obtaining high potency, high yield botulinum neurotoxin for research, therapeutic and cosmetic use.

Rapid, animal protein free, chromatographic processes and systems for obtaining high potency, high yield botulinum neurotoxin for research, therapeutic and cosmetic use.

Rapid, animal protein free, chromatographic processes and systems for obtaining high potency, high yield botulinum neurotoxin for research, therapeutic and cosmetic use.

The present invention relates to the transformation and genetic modification of bacteria belonging to the phylum Firmicutes. It thus relates to methods, tools and kits allowing such genetic modification, involving in particular a nucleic acid sequence used to facilitate the transformation of the bacterium, said sequence comprising i) all or part of the sequence SEQ ID NO: 126 and ii) a sequence allowing the modification of the genetic material of a bacterium and/or expression, within said bacterium, of a DNA sequence partially or totally absent from the genetic material present within the wild-type version of said bacterium. The description also relates to the genetically modified bacteria obtained and uses thereof, in particular for producing a solvent, preferably on an industrial scale.

The disclosure relates to isolated microorganisms, including novel strains of the microorganisms, synthetic bioensembles, and compositions comprising the same. Furthermore, the disclosure teaches methods of utilizing the described microorganisms, synthetic bioensembles, and compositions comprising the same, in methods for modulating the health of equine animals In particular aspects, the disclosure provides methods of treating and/or preventing colic and shifting the gut microbiome.