Rapid, animal protein free, chromatographic processes and systems for obtaining high potency, high yield botulinum neurotoxin for research, therapeutic and cosmetic use.

Provided is a composition comprising a) butyrate and b) a by-product of fermentation of a carbon source-containing feedstock with a Clostridia class bacterium which natively produces butyric acid. Further provided are a feed ingredient, an animal feed and an anti-icing product comprising the composition, methods of manufacturing and uses thereof.

The present disclosure provides a novel and practical alcohol and derivatives thereof which have more industrial value than existing petrochemical raw materials. The present disclosure further provides ethanol, characterized in that a peak in gas chromatography measured by gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC/MS) has at least one peak with a retention time selected from (A) a peak of 5 minutes 25 seconds to 5 minutes 35 seconds and two peaks of 2 minutes 55 seconds to 3 minutes 5 seconds; (B) a peak of 12 minutes 30 seconds to 12 minutes 40 seconds; (C) a peak of 6 minutes 36 seconds to 6 minutes 45 seconds; and (D) a peak of 15 minutes 00 seconds to 15 minutes 15 seconds.

Disclosed are a medium composition for culturing Clostridium botulinum comprising a potato peptone, a yeast extract and glucose, and a method of preparing a botulinum toxin using the same. The medium excludes animal-derived products and major allergens, and enables the botulinum toxin-producing strain to reach the maximum growth level within a short time, thereby providing effects of shortening the production time and reducing the production cost in the botulinum toxin production process.

The present invention pertains to a method for producing high value-added compounds from polyethylene terephthalate. More specifically, the present invention demonstrates that a monomeric terephthalic acid obtained from the chemical hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate can be converted to high value-added aromatic compounds and aromatic-derived compounds, and ethylene glycol, which is another monomer of polyethylene terephthalate, can be converted to glycolic acid, which is a cosmetic material. The present invention is characterized by recycling polyethylene terephthalate waste into high value-added compounds.

A method for transforming organic waste into carbon using sequential physical and biological degradation, including fermentation, drying under vacuum and elevated temperature followed by heating to a temperature of between 300° C. and 500° C. to promote carbonization and production of charcoal.

Microbial cell lines suitable for industrial-scale production of organic acids and methods of making and isolating such cell lines.

This disclosure describes methods that allow for the uncoupling of microbial growth from product formation, which allows for maximal use of raw material and optimal end-product formation.

Rapid, animal protein free, chromatographic processes and systems for obtaining high potency, high yield botulinum neurotoxin for research, therapeutic and cosmetic use.

A feed including cashew nut shell liquid and bacterial cells is provided for raising non-human monogastric animals such as chickens or pigs, wherein the cashew nut shell liquid content is not more than 500 ppm by mass with respect to the total amount of the feed. The feed can stimulate weight gain in non-human monogastric animals such as chickens or pigs and increase the efficiency in, for example, meat production.