The present invention relates to the field of microbial growth, more specifically microbial overgrowth, even more specifically overgrowth of Enterobacteriaceae, specifically under conditions of apoptosis in the gut such as IBD, colitis, chemotherapy and food borne bacterial infections. The present invention provides inhibitors of a bacterial target, pyruvate formate lyase, which can be used to regulate the overgrowth of Enterobacteriacea.

Disclosed are solid forms of menaquinol and processes for obtaining them by chemical or enzymatic reduction of menaquinone. Said solid forms possess high stability to oxidation which allows effective use of menaquinol in the most common formulations wherein vitamin K2 is used.

An integrated process for producing polyhydroxyalkanoates and bioethanol including: (a) feeding a part of the lignocellulosic hydrolyzate to a first fermentation device in the presence of one microorganism capable of using sugars with six carbon atoms and organic acids, obtaining a first fermentation broth; (b) subjecting the first broth to separation obtaining an aqueous suspension of cellular biomass having one polyhydroxyalkanoate and an aqueous phase having sugars with five carbon atoms in a quantity greater than or equal to 10 g/L; (c) optionally, feeding a part of the aqueous phase from step (b), to a second fermentation device, obtaining a second fermentation broth (inoculum); (d) feeding at least a part of the aqueous phase from step (b) and, optionally, the second broth and/or at least a part of lignocellulosic hydrolyzate, to a third fermentation device, obtaining a third fermentation broth; and (e) subjecting the third broth to separation obtaining bioethanol.

The present invention comprises a process to produce organic products from a single-carbon substrate; microbial compositions used in the process; and a process to isolate microorganisms for the process.

An engineered DNA molecule capable of being replicated in a cell, comprising a poly (A) tail coding sequence that makes the engineered DNA molecule more conservative when replicated in cells, particularly in prokaryotic cells, while adjusting the expression level of RNA in eukaryotic cells. Also provided are an RNA comprising the poly (A) tail and a use thereof.

Provided herein are pre-protein signal peptides that direct secretion of expressed payload proteins to the periplasm in Escherichia bacteria and methods of their use in production of therapeutic and industrial commodity proteins. The disclosed pre-protein signal peptides may be used with any pay load protein to increase secretion thereof and therefore increase yield of the payload protein.

Provided are a recombinant microorganisms having a genetic modification that increases the expression of bacterioferritin, a composition comprising the recombinant microorganism for use in reducing a nitrogen oxide concentration in a sample, and a method of reducing a nitrogen oxide concentration in a sample.

A genetically modified microorganism that can produce 3-hydroxyadipic acid and/or -hydromuconic acid with a high yield; and a method of producing 3-hydroxyadipic acid and/or -hydromuconic acid using the genetically modified microorganism, are disclosed. The genetically modified microorganism has an ability to produce 3-hydroxyadipic acid and/or -hydromuconic acid, and has an enhanced enzymatic activity to catalyze a reaction to reduce 3-oxoadipyl-CoA to 3-hydroxyadipyl-CoA, wherein, in the genetically modified microorganism, a dicarboxylic acid excretion carrier function is deleted or decreased.