The present invention relates to a process for microbial synthesis process having less water consumption and yielding desired product profile. More particularly, the present invention relates to an improved process of microbial synthesis using ultra fine nutrient mist in a specially designed biofilm-bioreactor under controlled conditions. The present invention also relates to an apparatus for microbial synthesis and preparation of optimized biofilm for continuous product formation.

A genetically modified microorganism that can produce 3-hydroxyadipic acid and/or -hydromuconic acid with a high yield; and a method of producing 3-hydroxyadipic acid and/or -hydromuconic acid using the genetically modified microorganism, are disclosed. The genetically modified microorganism has an ability to produce 3-hydroxyadipic acid and/or -hydromuconic acid, and has an enhanced enzymatic activity to catalyze a reaction to reduce 3-oxoadipyl-CoA to 3-hydroxyadipyl-CoA, wherein, in the genetically modified microorganism, a dicarboxylic acid excretion carrier function is deleted or decreased.