The present invention provides methods and materials useful delivering liquids, including liquids comprising nucleic acid molecules into cells. In particular, the present invention provides methods for delivering saline solution, exogenous compositions, and isolated vectors to kidney cells, using the renal vein as a guide and under hydrodynamic pressure. The delivery methods and materials herein are useful to research, prognose, ameliorate symptoms of kidney injury, and treat kidney pathologies.

Provided herein are methods for making lactones comprising incubating a cellular system expressing a heterologous cytochrome P450 (CYP450) protein with a medium comprising straight chain fatty acids to produce subterminal hydroxy fatty acids, and incubating a yeast cell culture with the subterminal hydroxy fatty acids to produce lactones.

Methods of treating and evaluating subjects having neoactive mutants are described herein.

The present invention provides methods and materials useful delivering liquids, including liquids comprising nucleic acid molecules into cells. In particular, the present invention provides methods for delivering saline solution, exogenous compositions, and isolated vectors to kidney cells, using the renal vein as a guide and under hydrodynamic pressure. The delivery methods and materials herein are useful to research, prognose, ameliorate symptoms of kidney injury, and treat kidney pathologies.