Provided is an enzymatic process for preparing mercaptans from disulfides.

A molecular recognition element comprising a target molecule-recognizing portion, and a direct electron transfer-type oxidoreductase linked to the target molecule-recognizing portion.

The present disclosure provides a reagent for detecting an analyte, comprising: an enzyme comprising glucose oxidoreductase; at least one electroactive molecule selected from resazurin, resazurin salt, resorufin or resorufin salt; and at least one metal coordination complex.

An object of the present invention is to construct a more excellent glucose sensor, and to provide GDH more suitable for the glucose sensor. Provided is FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase in which the range of molecular weight distribution observed by SDS-PAGE is within 50 kDa when viewed in a molecular weight distribution in which the relative value of band intensity exceeds 60% of the maximum value.

Intended is to provide a highly practical novel FAD-GDH. A glucose dehydrogenase having the following properties is provided: (1) action: catalyzes the reaction of oxidizing hydroxyl groups of glucose to form glucono-δ-lactone in the presence of an electron acceptor; (2) substrate specificity: reactivity to D-xylose is 10% or less when the reactivity to D-glucose is 100%; (3) pH stability: stable at pH 5 to 8; (4) amino acid sequence: including the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, or an amino acid sequence with an identity of 83% or more to the amino acid sequence.

A mutant cytochrome protein originated from a cytochrome protein having three heme-binding domains, which mutant cytochrome protein lacks the first heme-binding domain and the second heme-binding domain as counted from the N-terminus, is provided. The mutant cytochrome protein may lack a region(s) containing the first and second heme-binding domains.

The disclosure relates, in some aspects, to compositions and methods useful for production of nitrated aromatic molecules. The disclosure is based, in part, on whole cell systems expressing artificial fusion proteins comprising cytochrome P450 enzymes linked to reductase enzymes. In some aspects, the disclosure relates to methods of producing nitrated aromatic molecules in whole cell systems having artificial fusion proteins comprising cytochrome P450 enzymes linked to reductase enzymes.

The invention relates to a bioelectrode comprising a conductive material, on the surface of which are deposited carbon nanotubes, a redox mediator based on pyrene or a derivative thereof, oxidized in-situ, and an enzyme capable of catalyzing the glucose oxidation. The invention also relates to a process for producing such a bioelectrode, and to the uses thereof.

The present invention relates to a protein having glucose dehydrogenase activity selected from: (a) an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3; (b) an amino acid sequence in which 1 to 3 amino acids are deleted from, replaced in or added to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3; (c) an amino acid sequence which has at least 80% identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 and whose N-terminus is SS; or (d) an amino acid sequence which has at least 80% identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3, and does not contain a sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 8 at its N-terminus. The invention also includes a polynucleotide encoding the enzyme, a method for manufacturing the enzyme, a method for measuring glucose using the enzyme, a measuring reagent composition and a biosensor.

A mutant cytochrome protein originated from a cytochrome protein having three heme-binding domains, which mutant cytochrome protein lacks the first heme-binding domain and the second heme-binding domain as counted from the N-terminus, is provided. The mutant cytochrome protein may lack a region(s) containing the first and second heme-binding domains.